阅读理解
    While faking and fierce looks are among animals great defenses, many species know that everyone runs from a big stink(臭气)too.
Vulture(秃鸳)
Vultures, are street sweepers that feast on the rotting flesh of dead animals, which benefits us by ridding our highways and landscapes of animal bodies and the bacteria they might carry. When vultures feel threatened they vomit, and the smell of vomited-on dead bodies puts of most predators. Throwing up allows the vulture to fly away more quickly-and the vomit can hurt the aggressor's eyes and face.
Opossum(负鼠)
In some ways opossums have it easy. In order to become “dead", they don’t have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere. Even if they keep getting attacked, they won't move any more than a human statue until the threat has passed.
Hoatzin(磨雉)
Hold your nose and meet the hoatzin, a bird of distinctions, not the least of which is that it smells like fresh cow shit. The animal mostly eats leaves and it's the only bird known to digest by fermentation, like a cow. This process is what causes its smell and has earned it the nickname the “stink bird
Millipedes (千足虫)
Millipedes are tricky. For starters they look wormy. Their name is deceptive, too: Their legs number about 750. Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.
Sea Hare(海兔)
The graceful sea hare is plain in taste in the first place, so it's not the most popular dish in the seafood chain. Nonetheless this type of sea creature has a pretty creative smell-related defense that is almost the opposite of its smelly companions on this list. The sea hare gives out a slimy, purple ink, the substance which makes food less palatable to predators.
Researchers using lobsters(2-f)as model predators found that the sea blocks the lobsters receptive mechanism. In other words, the sea hare gives its attacker the equivalent of a stuffy nose so they don't know how appealing it is.
1．The sea hare defends itself from predators by ____.
A．becoming plain in taste at the discovery of a predator
B．giving out purple ink to make itself invisible to predators
C．releasing substance to make predators unable to smell it
D．giving off smelly gas to try to drive predators away.
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?  
A．The vulture carries bacteria so that predators dare not get close to it.
B．The opossum fakes its death to avoid being targeted by predators.
C．The hoatzin eats cow shit so that it is nick-named as “stink bird
D．The gas released by millipede was basically harmless
3．The species that enjoys more than one defense mechanism is  
A．vulture
B．opossum
C．millipede
D．sea hare
 
    ARCHAEOLOGISTS(考古学家) GUIDED BY laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala have discovered 20-foot-high walls, watchtowers, and other evidence that ancient Maya societies had been annoyed by warfare threat over many years. The finds have upended long-established impressions of a civilization that it tamed the jungle and built thriving cities,then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.
Among the most surprising discoveries was a large stone complex now called La Cuemavilla. Built on a steep ridge, the heavily fortified site included high walls. Moats which serves as the largest defensive system ever discovered in the region.
This was surprising says an archaeologist, "because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized. But the fortifications were seeing suggest an elevated level of antagonism over centuries. Rulers were so deeply alarmed that they felt the need to invest in all these hilltop fortifications. There is an almost visible sense of fear in this landscape.
All these findings owe credit to PACUNAM LIDAR Initiative, a laser survey of some 800 square miles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve in northern Guatemala. Using revolutionary Laser technology, the survey revealed the long-hidden ruins of a sprawling pre-Columbian civilization that was far more complex and interconnected than most Maya specialists had supposed.
Guided by the new Laser treasure maps, the LIDAR team deployed through the jungle over the past year to conduct hands-on investigations of more than a dozen of the most promising sites-most of which would have been imperceptible without LIDAR.
"You could walk over the top of a major ruin and miss it, "says an archaeologist who's part of the PACUNA project. But LIDAR picks up the patterns and makes the features pop out with surprising clarity.
Three-dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded surprises even at Tikal, the largest and most extensively explored archaeological site in Guatemala. The ancient city was at least four times bigger than previously thought, and surrounded by a massive ditch and fortified base stretching for miles.
Archaeologists stress that LIDAR, for all its utility, will never see below the ground or yield direct dates of occupation. “we still need to dig and hack our way through the jungle, but now we have a very accurate map to guide us.
4．How did people think of Maya before the discovery of the defense ruins?
A．It was the most advanced civilization in the history of mankind.
B．It was long under the threat of large-scale wars
C．Its rise and decline were under way peacefully
D．It was finally destroyed by a large-scale war
5．The underlined word antagonism is closest in meaning to ____.
A．misery
B．revolution
C．population decrease
D．opposition
6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The military mechanism found in La Cuemavilla was intended for occupying more lands.
B．The new laser technology was mainly used to enlarge the original site size.
C．The LIDAR helps to avoid the traditional digging task in site exploration.
D．The Tikal site was found to be protected by certain defense works
7．The passage is mainly about ____.
A．people' s long-time misunderstanding of Maya civilization.
B．discovery of Maya military works aided by new explore technology
C．the finding of a big warfare resulting in the disappearance of Maya civilization
D．The various advantages of new technologies in the field of archaeology.
 
    After some blood tests, Dr Stubs stood before me, a tall man, but short on personality and sporting a cold expression. You have systemic lupus. he said matter-of-factly."Lupus, "he continued, "is an auto-immune disease and ….” I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. “Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.”
As I got up to leave, shaken and drained, he said his parting words, “I would discourage any further research. There is no cure and nothing can prevent its progression.”
Still, I did research lupus and its symptoms tiredness and joint pain-were both consistent with what I was experiencing. And eventually some major organs could be affected, causing shutdown and possibly death.
I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.
After another visit, I decided never to go back to Dr. Stubs. How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth? The years passed. When I would feel tired and achy I pulled support from my children and their laughter.
Finally, after eight years, I went to Dr. Kirstein who was recommended by a friend. She stood there holding my hand and looking into my eyes warmly
"So, let’s talk a little
Instantly my defenses were down. Before I knew it, she had me running on and on about my children, my husband, my life and dreams. I told her about all the meaningful activities I was involved in, those things I might have never done without the disease.
After several follow-up tests, and greater research into my family history, Dr. Kirsteincame to conclusive answer. I did not have systemic lupus. There must be something wrong with the initial tests 8 years before.
I didn't know whether I should jump for joy or scream because I had been living the last eight years in fear of a fatal disease. But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it.
8．Dr. Strubs warned the author against having more children because _____.
A．The process of giving birth put her life in danger.
B．Taking care of children will gradually worsen her disease.
C．Her disease will threaten the health of her children.
D．She already has enough children.
9．why did the author stop seeing doctor Strubs after two visits? .
A．Because she not qualified to treat her disease.
B．Because he recommended Dr.Kirkstein to her.
C．Because his cold attitude upset the author.
D．Because she suspected his diagnosis about her disease.
10．How did the author deal with the disease?
A．She calmly waited for major organs to shut down.
B．she took effective medicine regularly to fight the disease.
C．She turned to Dr. Kirstein to get cure for the disease
D．She tried to strengthen immune system and drew strength from family.
11．Why did the author think every day in the past 8 years was a gift?
A．Because systemic lupus was no longer a deadly disease.
B．Because she made every day valuable in spite of disease
C．Because she received a gift every day from her family
D．Because she only occasionally felt pain and tiredness.
 
    A Russian spacecraft traveling to the International Space Station Thursday had to make an emergency landing when a rocket engine failed to fire. It was the latest in a recent series of failures for the Russian space program, which is also used by the U.S. to carry its astronauts to the station.
United States astronaut Nick Hague and Russian astronaut Alexei Ovchinin landed safely about 20 kilometers from Dzhezkazgan in Kazakhstan. The city is about 450 kilometers from the Russia’s Baikonur space center, which Russia operates through an agreement with the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Both the U.S. space agency NASA and Russia’s Roscosmos reported that the two were quickly recovered from the landing area by rescue crews. A spokesman for Russian President Vladimir Putin said, “Thank God the crew is alive” after they had landed safely.
About two minutes after launching, the three-stage Soyuz booster rocket suffered an unspecified failure of its second stage. Russia’s TASS news agency said the capsule carrying the two men separated from the troubled rocket safely. This caused the capsule to drop very sharply into the Earth’s atmosphere. Parachutes（降落伞）helped slow the returning capsule. Search and rescue teams were sent to recover the crew.
Russia’s RIA news agency reported that Russia has immediately put off all manned space launches after the failure. Roscosmos head Dmitry Rogozin said he had ordered a state commission to carry out an investigation into what went wrong. He said Russia will share all relevant information with the U.S.
The TASS news agency said that the ISS crew has enough supplies and that the failed launch will not affect operations.
The U.S. and other nations have depended on Russia to carry astronauts to the ISS since the retirement of the Space Shuttle program in 2011. In coming years, American aerospace companies SpaceX, with its Dragon 2, and Boeing, with its Starliner, are expected to return to space.
12．What can be the best title of the text?
A．The Rescue of Two Astronauts
B．The Launch of Russian Spacecraft
C．Cooperation between Russia and America
D．Emergency Landing in Failed Space Launch
13．What caused the failure of the launch?
A．The problem of the engine. B．The terrible weather.
C．The drop of the capsule. D．The wrong operation.
14．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A．SpaceX is sure to go back to space soon.
B．America carried astronauts to the ISS by itself before 2011.
C．Now only Russia can carry astronauts to space.
D．the ISS crew lives a very good life in the space station.
15．What can we learn about the launch?
A．The capsule landed safely in Dzhezkazgan, Russia.
B．Russia had never failed in the space launch before this failure.
C．The failed launch will have a serious effect on the operations.
D．At first the capsule dropped very rapidly into the Earth’s atmosphere.
 
    Twenty-one years ago, my husband gave me Sam, an eight-week-old schnauzer（雪纳瑞犬）, to help ease the loss of our daughter. Sam and I developed a very special bond over the next years.
At one point, my husband and I decided to move to a new home in New Jersey. Our neighbor, whose cat had recently had kittens, asked if we would like one. We were a little apprehensive about Sam’s jealousy and how he would handle his turf（地盘）being invaded, but we decided to risk it.
We picked a little, gray, playful ball of Fur. She raced around chasing imaginary mice and squirrels and jumped from table to chair in the blink of an eye, so we named her Lightning.
At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance. But slowly, Lightning started following Sam — up the stairs, down the stairs, into the kitchen. Later, when they slept, it was always together; when they ate, it was always next to each other. When I took either one out, the other was always waiting by the door when we returned. That was the way it was for years.
Then, without any warning, Sam was diagnosed as having a weak heart. I had no other choice but to have him put down. The pain was nothing compared with what I experienced when I had to walk into our house alone. This time, there was no Sam for Lightning to greet and no way to explain why she would never see her friend again.
In the following days, Lightning seemed heart-broken. I could see the disappointment in her eyes whenever anyone opened the front door, or the hope whenever she heard a dog bark.
One day as I walked into our living room, I happened to see Lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica（复制品）of Sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statue’s neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend.
16．What does the underlined word “apprehensive” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Shocked. B．Curious.
C．Worried. D．Eager.
17．How did Sam get along with Lightning at first?
A．Lightning followed Sam everywhere it went.
B．They fought with each other fiercely.
C．They kept a certain distance from each other.
D．Sam was unfriendly to Lightning.
18．What can we infer from the text?
A．Lightning knew Sam had died.
B．Sam means a lot to Lightning.
C．We took Lightning home to accompany Sam.
D．Sam came back to stay with Lightning again.
19．What can be the best title of the text?
A．The Friendship between Sam and Lightning
B．The Coming of Sam and Lightning
C．The Death of Sam to Lightning
D．The Importance of Sam to Us
 
    For people, many other animals, family matters. Consider how many jobs go to relatives. Or how an ant will cruelly attack intruder(入侵的)ants but rescue injured, closely related nest-mates. There are good evolutionary reasons to aid relatives, after all. Now, it seems, family feelings may stir in plants as well.
A Canadian biologist planted the seed of the idea more than a decade ago, but many plant biologists regarded it as heretical—plants lack the nervous systems that enable animals to recognize kin(家族), so how can they know their relatives? But with a series of recent findings, the belief that plants really do care for their most genetically close peers—in a quiet, planty way—is taking root. Some species control how far their roots spread, others change how many flowers they produce, and a few tilt(倾斜)or shift their leaves to minimize shading of neighboring plants, favoring related individuals.
“We need to recognize that plants not only sense whether it’s light or dark or if they’ve been touched, but also whom they are interacting with,” says Susan Dudley, a plant evolutionary ecologist, whose early plant kin recognition studies sparked the interest of many scientists.
Beyond broadening views of plant behavior, the new work may have a practical side. In September 2018, a team in China reported that rice planted with kin grows better, a finding that suggested family ties can be used to improve crop yields. “It seems anytime anyone looks for it, they find a kin effect,” says Andre Kessler, a chemical ecologist at Cornell University.
20．Why are ants mentioned in the first paragraph?
A．To show how cruel ants are to their enemies.
B．To lay foundation for the idea of plants’ family feelings.
C．To introduce the topic of how family matters to animals.
D．To explain why people usually give more jobs to their relatives.
21．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “heretical”?
A．Indescribable. B．Understandable. C．Impossible. D．Traditional.
22．What may be the plants’ way of expressing their care for relatives?
A．They stop producing flowers to avoid competition.
B．They spread their roots far so as to protect their peers.
C．They care for their injured peers by silently taking roots.
D．They move their leaves to share sunlight with their close peers.
23．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Different plants mustn’t be planted together.
B．Corn planted with corn can produce more than that with rice.
C．China has put the idea into wide practice and achieved great success.
D．The closer rice is planted with their relatives the more they will produce.
 
    You’re so young right now, but I hope this letter will be helpful to you one day when you’re older. I feel it is my responsibility, as a mother of two little girls, to lead you down a path that is relatively healthy when it comes to beauty and self-image. In a lot of women’s eyes, I’ve probably already failed in this aspect due to a lot of pink Barbie dolls in Vera’s room right now.
But I will say this about Barbie dolls: I played with Barbie dolls for many years when I was growing up and here I have a healthy body and a positive image. I have a master’s degree, a successful career and a published book. If Barbie dolls were really so damaging to my femininity(女人气质) and self-image, I highly doubt whether I could list all of these achievements.
It’s hard for women not to worry about our weight or to wish we could afford more stylish clothes. It’s hard not to want someone else’s hair or eyelashes. We women go round and round in circles, holding hands and trying to be one another sometimes. The thing I’ll tell you is this: not even the prettiest of us feel settled. The girl you think looks the most perfect in all the world is probably the girl who wants to change herself more than anyone else.
Don’t let that message carry any weight within yourselves. You are not worthless. You are so full of love and light and you should let it shine through your every second. If someone pushes you down for standing tall then just push yourself back up and stand even taller, and know that the reason why they pushed you down in the first place is just that they’re scared. I want to tell you that I have never in my life felt more beautiful than when I have stood my tallest.
24．What does the author think about Barbie dolls?
A．They did no harm to her image. B．They enable her to achieve a lot.
C．They prevented her development. D．They contributed to her promotion.
25．What can we learn from the third paragraph?
A．It’s women’s nature to be envious. B．It’s easy to read women’s thoughts.
C．Women like to be close to each other. D．Women tend to pursue a perfect appearance.
26．What does the author suggest her daughters do?
A．Try to be the most beautiful. B．Stand tall with love and toughness.
C．Compare themselves with others to improve. D．Push others down on the way to be the tallest.
27．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the letter?
A．To tell her daughters what real beauty is. B．To warn her daughters of the trouble in life.
C．To share with her daughters all her experience. D．To persuade her daughters to follow her example.
 
    A six-wheeled robot travels underground in Hefei to discover warning signs of faults inside the pipeline network, "It looks like a toy car at first, but it's much more complicated than that," said Xu Mao, the robot 's operator.
The pipeline robot, developed by Wuhan Easy-Sight Technology, is made up of four parts — crawler, camera, cable reel, and controller. A full charge can enable the robot to work for four to five hours, covering a distance between 800 and 1 ,000 meters in the underground p ipeline.
The robot made its appearance last month in Shushan District. It will carry out inspections of the underground pipeline network stretching 150 kilometers. " Whether the pipe is leaking, damaged or blocked, we can clearly see its situation through high-definition(高清晰度的)cameras fixed into the robot, " said Qi Chuanshuai from the provincial construction engineering and testing institute.
The real-time data including video images of the pipe will be up loaded and displayed on a computer. "If we find any problems, we stop the robot and record the flaws," Xu said. "We report the faults to local government, who will arrange the repair as soon as possible. "
With the rapid develop merit of cities, it is becoming increasingly difficult to manage underground pipelines. Among all the difficulties, discovering faults in the sewage (污水)and rainwater pipelines comes first. Many other cities such as Wuhan, Nanjing, Shenzhen, and Shanghai are using the robots to inspect their pipelines, the robot ' s developer said.
Equipped with environmental detection sensors, the robots can monitor temperature and damp, poisonous gases, oxygen levels and smoke density, while providing color diagram in real time. "Compared with human workers, robots are able to enter smaller pipes and are immune (有免疫力的)to poisonous gases in sewage pipes," said Ge Shengli from Shushan District' s city management company. " No digging is required and there is no need to interrupt traffic," Ge added.
28．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the pipeline robot?
A．Its developer.
B．Its components.
C．Its characteristics.
D．Its outward appearance.
29．What is the toughest in managing underground pipelines in cities?
A．Locating the position where the pipelines are.
B．Handling the poisonous gases in sewage pipes,
C．Arranging the repair and maintenance of pipelines.
D．Discovering flaws in the sewage and rainwater pipelines.
30．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?
A．Add some background information.
B．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．Summarize the previous paragraphs.
D．Present some new functions of robots.
31．What is Ge Shengli's attitude towards the pipeline robots?
A．Doubtful. B．Appreciative.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
 
    Over the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: game-time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading. Game-time cheerleaders’ main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.
Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻腾) ability. It’s a very common thing for gymnasts, so it’s easy for them to go into competitive cheerleading. Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy. They also perform lifts and throws. This is where the “fliers” are thrown in the air, held by “bases” in different positions that require strength and working with other teammates.
Competitive cheerleading is also an activity that is governed by rules under which a winner can be declared. It is awarded points for technique, creativity and sharpness. Usually the more difficult the action is, the better the score is. That’s why cheerleaders are trying to experience great difficulty in their performance.
Besides, there is also a strict rule of time. The whole performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and fifteen seconds, during which the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Any performance beyond the limit of time is invalid.
Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries. According to some research, competitive cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for it are five times the number than for any other sport, partially because cheerleaders don’t use protective equipment. Smiling cheerleaders are thrown into the air and move down into the arms of the teammates, which may easily cause injuries. Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.
There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. Hopefully, it will appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports. It should be noted that it is a team sport and even the smallest mistake made by one teammate can bring the score of the entire team down. So without working together to achieve the goal, first place is out of reach.
32．What is the main purpose of competitive cheerleading?
A．To compare skills of participants.
B．To make the audience feel amused.
C．To attract more people to watch events.
D．To cheer up the competitors on the court.
33．The underlined word “integrate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______”.
A．examine B．combine C．identify D．replace
34．We can learn from the passage that competitive cheerleading ______.
A．lacks necessary guidelines to follow
B．enjoys greater popularity than other sports
C．requires more designed actions than gymnastics
D．has a relatively high rate of damage to the body
35．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
I: Introduction  P: Point  Sp: Sub-point (次要点)  C: Conclusion
A． B． C． D．
 
    One night I received a Facebook message from Laura, a former classmate. “Hey Steve,” she said, “I know you’ve always been an animal lover. I’ve just had a baby and I can’t keep my mini pig.”
Being fond of animals, I knew I wanted the pig. I just had to figure out how to make it happen. I lived in a two-bedroom single-level house in Georgetwon, Ontario. It’s tough to bring a pig back to the house I share with two dogs, two cats, and my lifelong partner.
But I was not letting that pig go. So I told Laura I’d take the animal. When I got home with the pig, I hid her in the bedroom, and began to prepare a dinner for Alisha — her favourite bacon cheeseburgers. It’s better to make her happy before introducing the new member to her.
When I led her to the bedroom and showed her the surprise, Alisha stood in the doorway like a statue. It took her a few seconds to know what I had done. She complained about my unreasonable action. She insisted there was no more room in the house.
I knew I was wrong, but I hoped I could smooth things over. Soon enough, the lovely pig did the smoothing for me. Never had we felt such joy as she brought to us. We got her a name “Esther”.
Esther’s arrival changed our lives. A few weeks later, we decided to stop eating bacon. We figured it was our turn to try to change the world for other animals. A few months later, we moved to a farm where we cared for abandoned animals — so far, six rabbits, six goats, two sheep, one horse, three cows and three chickens.
36．Who does the underlined phrase “my lifelong partner” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Laura. B．Steve. C．Alisha. D．Esther.
37．Why did the author cook Alisha a meal?
A．To please her to accept the pig. B．To make an apology to her.
C．To celebrate Esther’s arrival. D．To show off his cooking skills.
38．What was Alisha’s reaction the moment she saw Esther?
A．She burst into tears. B．She showed interest in her.
C．She quarreled with Steve. D．She was frozen for a while.
39．What is the best title for the text?
A．A Small Pig Making a Big Difference
B．An Abandoned Pig Finding a Warm Home
C．A Little Pig Bringing Happiness to a Family
D．A Lovely Pig Removing a Couple’s Disagreement
 
    Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfather's ships. Today, Fabien follows in his family's footsteps to protect the planet's endangered ocean life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.
Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000-2002, he created a TV special called Attack of the Mystery Shark based on the shark attacks that occurred along the New Jersey shoreline in the summer of 1916. Then in 2003-2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine (潜艇) that enabled him to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misunderstood creatures.
For the next four years (2006-2010), Fabien was part of a series called, Ocean Adventures, which offered a rare look into some of the most fantastic ocean species (物种) and environments.
In 2010, Fabien started Plant A Fish, a nonprofit project for children to help restore local water ecosystems by replanting key ocean species. Save the world, one fish at a time. The project is still in progress now and its final goal is to plant 1 billion “fish” worldwide.
From June 1 to July 2, 2014, Fabien and his team spent 31 days underwater to research how climate change and pollution are affecting the oceans. Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath.
Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.
40．What is Not Fabien’s job?
A．Ocean explorer B．Documentary filmmaker
C．Environmentalist D．Media manager
41．How is Paragraph 2 developed?
A．By providing facts. B．By offering analyses.
C．By making comparisons. D．By drawing conclusions.
42．We can learn from the text that ________.
A．Fabien's “Plant A Fish” project has already achieved its final goal
B．Fabien's Mission 31 broke the records of former ocean explorations
C．Fabien's TV special about sharks is based on his childhood experiences
D．It took Fabien four years to produce Ocean Adventures all on his own
43．In which part of a website can we read the text?
A．Modern Technology. B．Space Exploration.
C．Outstanding Figures. D．Fantastic Wildlife.
 
Dark Sky Parks around the World
Warrumbungle National Park
Situated in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Australia’s only dark sky park, Warrumbungle. The park has served as a dark sky park since July 2016. Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australia’s largest optical telescope within the park boundaries to view the auroras(极光)，the Milky Way, and faint shooting stars.
Sark
Sark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK. It was the World’s First Dark Sky Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourists annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an exceptional view of the dark skies. A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.
Pic du Midi de Bigorre
Pic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dark sky park in December 2013 making it the second largest dark sky park in the world. The park covers 3.112 square kilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Park and UNESCO’s World Heritage site, Pyrenees-Mont Perdu. The park attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi-Pyrenees, which was built in 1870, is one of the world’s highest museums at a height of 2,877 meters above sea level.
Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon
Ramon Crater is a unique 1,100-square-kilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017, the Ramon Crater became the first designated dark sky park in the Middle East. Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement, making it a great place to view the night skies. Stargazers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars, planets, and the Milky Way.
44．Which park serves as a heritage site for astronomy?
A．Sark.
B．Pic du Midi de Bigorre.
C．Warrumbungle National Park.
D．Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon.
45．What do we know about Sark from the passage?
A．Not a single car runs there.
B．It was an island belonging to Normandy.
C．The Milky Way can only be seen there.
D．Visitors like to stay on the island in groups.
46．What makes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?
A．High altitude. B．The large area.
C．Geographical conditions. D．Cultural features.
 
    I have learned something about myself since I moved from Long Island to Florida three years ago. Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, an uncontrollable urge wells up to return to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse. Instead of enjoying Florida’s mild winters, I willingly endure the severe weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.
I’m like a migratory bird that has lost its sense of timing and direction, my wings flapping a- gainst season.
So what makes me fly against the tide of snowbirds? The answer has a lot to do with my reluc¬tance to give up the things that define who I am. Once I hear that the temperature on Long Island has dipped into the range of 40 to 50 degrees, I begin to long for the sight and crackling sound of a wood fire. I also long for the bright display o£ colors — first in the £all trees, and then in the limits around homes and at Rockefeller Center. Floridians decorate too, but can’t create the special feel of a New England winter.
I suppose the biggest reason why I telum is to celebrate the holidays with people I haven’t seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey din ner, or watching neighbors’ children excitedly open gifts on Christmas? Even the first snowfall seems special. I especially enjoy seeing a bright red bird settling on a snow-covered branch ( My wife and I spend winters at a retirement community in Ridge, and I’m grateful that I don’t have to shovel.）
While these simple pleasures are not unique to Long Island, they are some of the reasmis why I come back. Who says you can’t go home?
47．What does the underlined word "snowbird" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．A person spending winter in a warmer climate.
B．A bird seen chiefly in winter.
C．A person permanently living in a foreign country.
D．A bird flying to the south in winter.
48．What’s the difference between Florida and Long Island?
A．Winters in Long Island are milder.
B．The snowbirds in Long Island are rarer.
C．Weather in Long Island is severer.
D．Long Island is nearer to the ocean.
49．What did the author miss most when he was in Florida
A．The cold temporature. B．The colorful light display.
C．The family gathering. D．The winter landscape.
50．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To praise the beauty and warmth of his hometown.
B．To describe his dream to be a free bird.
C．To explain the reasons for moving from his hometown.
D．To express his feeling of missing his hometown.
 
    "Acting is the least mysterious of all crafts," Marion Brando once said. But for scientists, working out what is going on in an actor's head has always been something of a puzzle.
Now, researchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending on whether they are in character or not.
Dr Steven Brown, from McMaster University in Canada, said, "It looks like when you are acting, you are suppressing (压制) yourself; almost like the character is possessing you."
Brown and colleagues report how 15 actors, mainly theatre students, were trained to take on a Shakespeare role — either Romeo or Juliet — in a theatre workshop. They were then invited into the laboratory, where their brains were scanned in a series of experiments.
Once inside the MRI scanner, the actors were asked to answer a number of questions, such as: would they go to the party? And would they tell their parents that they had fallen in love?
Each actor was asked to respond to different questions, based on two different premises (前提). In one, they were asked for their own perspective, while in the other, they were asked to respond as though they were either Romeo or Juliet.
The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they use some third-person knowledge or inferences about their character.
The team said they also found additional reduction in activity in two regions of the prefrontal cortex (前额皮质) linked to the sense of self, compared with when the actors were responding as themselves.
However, Philip Davis, a professor at the University of Liverpool, was unimpressed by the research, saying acting is about far more than "pretending" to be someone — it involves embodying (体现) the text and language.
51．How did Dr Brown's team conduct their research?
A．By scanning the brain activity of some actors.
B．By doing a survey with some theatre goers.
C．By interviewing some theatre teachers.
D．By consulting some experienced researchers.
52．What is the finding of Dr Brown's research?
A．Acting is not as mysterious as people think.
B．Actors' brain activity differs when they are acting.
C．Acting is far more than pretending to be the character.
D．Actors' brain activity is more active when they are in character.
53．How did Philip Davis react to the research?
A．He supported it. B．He doubted it.
C．He explained it. D．He advocated it.
54．What is the text mainly about?
A．A debate of how the brain functions.
B．A play written by Shakespeare.
C．A research on the brain activity of actors.
D．A report of the cooperation of scientists and actors.
 
    For years, decades in fact, I've puzzled over the response most people have when I tell them I mostly travel alone.
"You're so brave!"
Why is it that a woman travelling alone, as I have often done for months at a time, is perceived to be "brave", whereas men who travel alone are entirely unremarkable?
You are only brave when you are afraid of something but still do it anyway. I have never been afraid of travelling alone.
The first time I travelled alone was when I was 19. I was due to travel in Europe with a friend at the end of the summer. She announced by letter two days before our departure that she would be leaving me halfway at Vienna. It was too late by then to rope in another friend, so it was either to go home after Vienna, or keep going by myself. I kept going. I got on trains by myself, checked into hostels by myself and found my way around by myself. It was weird at first, but later I stopped worrying about it.
When I got back to Ireland after that trip, I felt proud of myself. I had done something I had assumed would be hard, and it had turned out to be not hard at all.
That was three decades ago, and since then I have travelled all over the world, usually on my own. I still do what I did then, which is to keep a diary. The greatest gift of solo travel has been those I've met along the way. I may have set off alone each time but I've encountered many people who became important to me. I met my husband in Kathmandu, Nepal. I met lifelong friends in Australia, Poland, Hungary, Turkey, India, Indonesia and many other places.
55．What makes the author puzzled when she tells people of her experience?
A．People's disbelief. B．People's response.
C．People's approval. D．People's criticism.
56．What does the author say about her first time to travel alone?
A．It was a trip by design.
B．She had to choose to go by herself.
C．It was harder than expected.
D．She set off all alone.
57．What do the underlined words "solo travel" in the last paragraph mean?
A．Group Travel. B．Travelling with friends.
C．Travelling alone. D．Travelling with music.
58．How has the author benefited from her travel?
A．She has overcome her fear of travelling alone.
B．She has written a couple of books.
C．She has received a great many gifts.
D．She has met many people all the way.
 
    A mixture of deep sorrow and anger has swept Brazilians across the country — particularly in the city of Rio de Janeiro — with the burning of their beloved Museu Nacional, or National Museum.
By Monday morning, when I visited the site, the firemen were busy trying to enter the huge, early 19th-century neoclassical building. For all we know, everything may have been burned to ashes. Fortunately, no one, not even the four security guards who witnessed the beginning of the fire, has been injured.
Nobody yet knows the cause of the fire, but it is the officials' irresponsibility and the funding shortages in particular, which are being blamed for this tragedy.
Some of the museum's researchers told the press that they had been able to save some things from the exhibition rooms before the fire moved in. However, we Brazilians have lost much of the material memory of our short past. A good part of our 518 years of history, or that which had been transformed into storable objects, disappeared in just a few hours.
The people of Rio de Janeiro were fond of taking their children, or grandchildren to the museum to show off their knowledge of the odd-looking mummies brought in from Egypt by the Emperor Dom Pedro II, a huge skeleton of a humpback whale, or the brightly coloured feathers of a headdress of the Kayapo tribe.
When I think that I can no longer take my youngest daughter to the Museu Nacional — that is what gets me emotional. It is this feeling that has penetrated (穿透) our souls and may leave Brazilians feeling empty for a long time to come.
59．What can we learn about the National Museum of Brazil?
A．It has a history of 518 years.
B．All of its collections have been lost.
C．It was built in the early 19th century.
D．It is not very popular in the country.
60．According to the text, _______ caused the big fire of the museum.
A．the inefficient firemen B．the irresponsible officials
C．the careless security guards D．something unknown
61．The text is written in a mood of_______.
A．delight B．sorrow
C．defeat D．humour
62．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Fire Put out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
B．Our Fond Memories of the Past
C．Who Is to Blame for the Accident?
D．A Museum Is Lost and Might Never Return
 
    When Warren Buffett, the most successful investor, was asked about the secret to his wealth and success, he revealed that he read every day, 500 pages, to be precise. Unfortunately, if you're already working 9?5, you might not have the time to read at all, let alone an entire book a day. But what if you could get the benefits of reading without sacrificing all of your free time? You can! With the Blinkist app, you get the key learning in minutes, not hours or days. Our experts transform these books into quick, easy-to-understand insights. Start with the 5 most-read books.
1. Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don't Do
by Amy Morin             12 min reading time             147k reads
Do you struggle to get over your failures? Getting over these can have a profound influence on your everyday life. Morin shares how her most successful patients overcame these difficulties.
2. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living
by Dale Carnegie           19 min reading time            238k reads
Ever wondered why you can't stop worrying about something? By defining the source of your stress, you can get over it once and for all. Carnegie came up with a formula that helps you handle any overthinking situation.
3. How Will You Measure Your Life?
by Clayton M. Christensen       13 min reading time        137k reads
Are you making the right trade-offs (权衡) in life? While career achievements can be satisfying, neglecting your family and friends can be bad in the long-run — in ways you can't even imagine.
4. Finding Your Element
by Ken Robinson               13 min reading time        62.4k reads
Everyone has a passion. If you don't know what yours is, it just means you haven't discovered it yet. Find out how you can break free of society's strict rules and find your calling in life.
5. Emotional Intelligence
by Daniel Goleman             16 min reading time        318k reads
Did you know if your pulse rate rises above 100 bpm, you're deemed too emotional to think rationally? You probably let feelings cloud your judgment more often than you know. Goleman explains how you can avoid letting your emotions rule you and make better decisions in life.
63．What kind of people does the Blinkist app best suit?
A．Successful investors. B．Rich businessmen.
C．People who have little time for reading. D．Students who love books.
64．Which book has been read by the largest number of people?
A．How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.
B．How Will You Measure Your Life?
C．Finding Your Element.
D．Emotional Intelligence.
65．Which book offers advice to people who feel stressed?
A．Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don't Do.
B．How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.
C．How Will You Measure Your Life?
D．Finding Your Element.
参考答案
 
1．C
2．B
3．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些野生动物是如何防御的。
1．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段The sea hare gives out a slimy, purple ink, the substance which makes food less palatable to predators.可知，海兔身上散发出黏糊糊的紫色墨水，这种物质使得捕食者对食物不那么感兴趣，从而保护自己免受捕食者的伤害。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段In order to become “dead", they don’t have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere.可知，负鼠假装死亡，让捕食者在其他地方找到更新鲜的食物，以避免成为捕食者的目标。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.可知，千足虫主要防守是蜷成一团。然而，它们也会释放出有害的眼睛，并在攻击者身上留下可怕的气味。从而可以推断出，千足虫是拥有多种防御机制的物种。故选C。
 
4．C
5．D
6．D
7．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂。
4．推理判断题。根据文章**段The finds have upended long-established impressions of a civilization that it tamed the jungle and built thriving cities, then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.可知，发现颠覆了长久以来人们对文明的印象。文明曾驯服丛林，建设繁荣的城市，然后衰落，静静地消失在茂密的热带森林之下。从而可以推断出，在发现防御遗址之前，人们都认为玛雅的崛起和衰落都是和平进行的。故选C。
5．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段This was surprising says an archaeologist, "because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized.考古学家一切倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化，认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的，及转折词but 提示，可知，这些防御工事表明，几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升。从而猜测出antogonism 在文中是“对抗；敌对”的意思。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Three-dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded surprises even at Tikal, the largest and most extensively explored archaeological site in Guatemala. The ancient city was at least four times bigger than previously thought, and surrounded by a massive ditch and fortified base stretching for miles.可知，蒂卡尔遗址被一条巨大的壕沟和绵延数英里的防御基地所包围，受其保护。故选D。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章**段ARCHAEOLOGISTS(考古学家) GUIDED BY laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala have discovered 20-foot-high walls, watchtowers, and other evidence that ancient Maya societies had been annoyed by warfare threat over many years. The finds have upended long-established impressions of a civilization that it tamed the jungle and built thriving cities,then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.及其全文可知，本文主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂。故选B。
【点睛】
阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，*后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题2要求猜测出antogonism的含义，*是根据文章第三段This was surprising says an archaeologist, "because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized.考古学家一切倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化，认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的，及转折词but 提示，可知，这些防御工事表明，几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升。从而猜测出antogonism 在文中是“对抗；敌对”的意思。
 
8．A
9．C
10．D
11．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者虽然在过去的八年被认为是有疾病，但是她使得每**都过的有意义。
8．细节理解题。根据文章**段I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. “Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.”可知，Dr. Strubs认为作者分娩会引发可能危及生命的其他症状。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第五段How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth?作者无法忍受反复听到医生从一个没有感情的嘴里说出绝望的话语，可知，医生冷淡的态度使作者感到不安。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.可知，作者用紫锥菊来增强自己增强免疫系统并融入家庭、强化心态，从家庭中汲取力量。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据文章*后一段But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it.可知，作者意识到，活着的每**，并不是那么恐惧，而是快乐，甚至每**都是一份礼物，从而推断出，尽管疾病缠身，但她让每**都变得有价值。故选B。
 
12．D
13．A
14．B
15．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于新闻，讲述运送宇航员到国际空间站的一枚俄罗斯火箭由于发动机故障作了紧急降落，所幸无人死亡。
12．主旨大意题。本文属于新闻，根据新闻特点，**段**句A Russian spacecraft traveling to the International Space Station Thursday had to make an emergency landing when a rocket engine failed to fire.为本文的主旨句，讲述运送宇航员到国际空间站的一枚俄罗斯火箭由于发动机故障作了紧急降落，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段About two minutes after launching, the three-stage Soyuz booster rocket suffered an unspecified failure of its second stage.可知，发射两分钟之后，三级火箭发动机遇到不明故障，导致发射失败，故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据*后一段The U.S. and other nations have depended on Russia to carry astronauts to the ISS since the retirement of the Space Shuttle program in 2011.可知，自从2011年美国航天飞机退役，美国以及其他**必须依靠俄罗斯火箭运送宇航员到国际空间站，故可以得知，2011年以前，美国利用自己的航天飞机运送宇航员，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段This caused the capsule to drop very sharply into the Earth’s atmosphere. Parachutes（降落伞）helped slow the returning capsule.可知，导致太空舱迅速掉入地球大气层，降落伞减缓了太空舱的降落速度，故选D。
 
16．C
17．C
18．B
19．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，本文主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边。
16．词义猜测题。根据第二段Sam’s jealousy and how he would handle his turf（地盘）being invaded, but we decided to risk it.可知，害怕Sam嫉妒，以及怎么处理被入侵的领地，但是依然决定冒险，故可知，作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响，故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance.可知，起初Sam 和Lightning都对对方很谨慎，保持**距离，故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据*后一段One day as I walked into our living room, I happened to see Lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica（复制品）of Sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statue’s neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend.可知，作者**进屋发现Lightning躺在Sam的复制品的旁边，一个爪子搭载雕像的脖子上，和她的好朋友心满意足地入睡了，故可知，Sam对于Lightning来说，很重要，故选B。
19．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边，故选A。
【点睛】
词义猜测题
词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，*后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思*接近的选项。比如小题1*属于语境猜词，根据第二段Sam’s jealousy and how he would handle his turf（地盘）being invaded, but we decided to risk it.可知，害怕Sam嫉妒，以及怎么处理被入侵的领地，但是依然决定冒险，故可知，作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响，故选C。
 
20．B
21．C
22．D
23．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。根据随着*近一系列研究发现，和蚂蚁类似，植物也存在家庭情感。这一发现的实际价值是可以用来提高作物产量。
20．推理判断题。**段*后一、二句There are good evolutionary reasons to aid relatives, after all. Now, it seems, family feelings may stir in plants as well. 可知进化的原因是要帮助亲属，现在看来，家庭情感可能也会在植物中产生影响。可知**段提到蚂蚁的目的是为下文提到植物家庭情感做铺垫，故选B。
21．词义猜测题。根据后文植物缺乏能让动物识别亲缘关系的神经系统，所以它们怎么能认识自己的亲戚呢?因此可推测上文中提到的许多植物生物学家认为植物有家庭情感的想法是“不可能的；荒谬的”，故选C。
22．细节理解题。第二段*后一句Some species control how far their roots spread, others change how many flowers they produce, and a few tilt(倾斜)or shift their leaves to minimize shading of neighboring plants, favoring related individuals.可知一些物种控制着它们的根系伸展的距离，另一些则改变着它们开出的花的数量，还有一些则倾斜或移动它们的叶子，以尽量减少邻近植物的阴影，从而有利于相关的个体。即植物对亲属表现关心的方式为他们移动树叶与亲密的同伴分享阳光。故选D。
23．细节理解题。*后一段第二句a team in China reported that rice planted with kin grows better, a finding that suggested family ties can be used to improve crop yields可知中国的一个研究小组报告说，近亲种植的水稻生长得更好，这一发现表明，家庭关系可以用来提高作物产量。即可推测玉米和玉米种在一起比和大米种在一起的产量高。故选B。
 
24．A
25．D
26．B
27．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。这篇短文有关作者告诉自己的女儿什么才是真正的美丽。女性都喜欢追求完美的外表，而真正的美丽是带着爱和坚强挺直腰板。
24．细节理解题。第二段*后一句If Barbie dolls were really so damaging to my femininity(女人气质) and self-image, I highly doubt whether I could list all of these achievements.可知作者认为如果芭比娃娃真的对我的女性气质和自我形象造成如此大的伤害，我非常怀疑自己能否拥有列出的所有这些成*。即作者认为芭比娃娃对她的自我形象无害，故选A。
25．细节理解题。第三段**句It’s hard for women not to worry about our weight or to wish we could afford more stylish clothes.可知女人很难不担心自己的体重，也很难不希望自己能买得起更时尚的衣服。即可知女性女人往往倾向于追求完美的外表。故选D。
26．细节理解题。*后一段You are so full of love and light and you should let it shine through your every second. If someone pushes you down for standing tall then just push yourself back up and stand even taller, and know that the reason why they pushed you down in the first place is just that they’re scared.可知作者告诉女儿：你是如此充满爱和光明，你应该让它通过你的每一秒。如果有人因为你站得高而把你推下去，那*把你自己推回去，站得更高，要知道他们把你推下去的*初原因只是他们害怕。即作者希望女儿带着爱和坚强挺直腰板。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。根据**段第二句I feel it is my responsibility, as a mother of two little girls, to lead you down a path that is relatively healthy when it comes to beauty and self-image.（我觉得我有责任引导你们走上一条相对健康的道路，这条道路涉及到美丽和自我形象。）以及文章主要内容可知文章的主要目的是作者为了告诉女儿什么才是真正的美丽，故选A。
 
28．C
29．D
30．A
31．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。伴随着城市的快速发展，管理地下管道变得日益困难。研发人员发明了管道机器人，在很大程度上解决了这个难题。与人工处理管道问题相比，管道机器人的优势显而易见。
28．主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，该段主要介绍了管道机器人的一些特征。故正确答案为C。
29．细节理解题。根据第五段中的信息With the rapid development of cities, it is becoming increasingly difficult to manage underground pipelines. Among all the difficulties, discovering faults in the sewage (污水) and rainwater pipelines comes first. 可知，伴随着城市的快速发展，地下管道的管理变得日益困难。在所有的困难中，找出污水和雨水管道的缺陷是**位的。由此可知，城市地下管线管理*困难的是找出污水、雨水管道有缺陷。分析选项可知，D符合题意，故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段的前半部分“机器人配备了环境检测传感器，可以监测温度和湿度、有毒气体、氧气浓度和烟雾密度，同时实时提供彩色图表。”可知，该段介绍了与管道机器人有关的一些背景知识，分析选项可知，A符合题意，故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据文章*后一段中的信息 “Compared with human workers, robots are able to enter smaller pipes and are immune (有免疫力的) to poisonous gases in sewage pipes,” said Ge Shengli from Shushan District’s city management company. “No digging is required and there is no need to interrupt traffic,” Ge added. 从Ge Shengli的话中可知，“与人类工人相比，机器人能够进入更小的管道，并且对污水管道中的有毒气体具有免疫力。不需要挖掘，也不需要交叉运输”，可知，这些内容列举出这种管道机器人与人类相比工作时的许多优点，由此可推断出Ge Shengli对于管道机器人的态度应该是积极的和赞赏的。故正确答案为B。
【点睛】
推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。根据文章*后一段中的信息 “Compared with human workers, robots are able to enter smaller pipes and are immune (有免疫力的) to poisonous gases in sewage pipes,” said Ge Shengli from Shushan District’s city management company. “No digging is required and there is no need to interrupt traffic,” Ge added. 从Ge Shengli的话中可知，“与人类工人相比，机器人能够进入更小的管道，并且对污水管道中的有毒气体具有免疫力。不需要挖掘，也不需要交叉运输”，可知，这些内容列举出这种管道机器人与人类相比工作时的许多优点，由此可推断出Ge Shengli对于管道机器人的态度应该是积极的和赞赏的。故正确答案为B。
推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出**判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也*是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，
 
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是属于体育比赛的项目类短文，介绍了竞技啦啦队不用于普通的啦啦队，它是一项具有专业技能的运动，有自己的规则，融入了一些体操的技能，队员必须有团队精神，队员的受伤率很高。
32．细节理解题。根据**段*后competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.和Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity.及*后一段**句There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. 竞技啦啦队竞争性的运动，是一项具有专业技能的运动。故选A。
33．词义猜测题。A. examine检查； B. combine使结合、使联合； C. identify确定；    D. replace取代。根据第二段including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy.通常这些竞技啦啦队长会将他们的体操经验融入其中,包括跳跃、翻滚和总能量。“integrate”指整合,结合,融入,与combine同义,故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries.及Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.可知，竞技啦啦队很容易造成队员受伤,会造成身体多个部位的伤害。故选D。
35．推理判断题。文章**段是总体介绍竞技啦啦队，第二段介绍其包括内容和标准,第三、四段介绍其难度很高，第五段介绍竞技啦啦队受伤率很高。*后一段得出结论竞技啦啦队是一项专业技能的运动。属于总分总结构，故选C。
 
36．C
37．A
38．D
39．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是故事类短文。作者在朋友那里领来一头小猪要喂养，并给小猪起了一个名字叫“Esther”，由于“Esther”的到来，改变了作者的生活，从此不再吃咸肉，同时在农场又收养了许多被遗弃的小动物。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段When I got home with the pig, I hid her in the bedroom, and began to prepare a dinner for Alisha — her favourite bacon cheeseburgers.可知，当我带着小猪回到家，我把她藏在卧室里，开始为Alisha准备晚餐——她*喜欢的培根芝士汉堡。可知，家里的另一半是他的终身伴侣，故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据第三段*后一句It’s better to make her happy before introducing the new member to her. 在把新成员介绍给她之前，*好让她高兴。所以为了哄她开心，以便她接受这头猪，故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段When I led her to the bedroom and showed her the surprise, Alisha stood in the doorway like a statue. 当我把她带到卧室，给她看这个惊喜时，Alisha像雕像一样站在门口。可知，Alisha看到小猪时她愣住了。故选D。
39．主旨大意题。根据*后一段Esther’s arrival changed our lives. A few weeks later, we decided to stop eating bacon. We figured it was our turn to try to change the world for other animals. A few months later, we moved to a farm where we cared for abandoned animals — so far, six rabbits, six goats, two sheep, one horse, three cows and three chickens.可知，由于“Esther”的到来，改变了作者的生活，从此不再吃咸肉，同时在农场又收养了许多被遗弃的小动物。
 
40．D
41．A
42．B
43．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是人物类短文。主要介绍了Fabien Cousteau 研究鲨鱼而出名，他要保护海洋频临灭绝的动物，在海洋里进行探险研究。他和他的团队打破了以前的海洋探险的记录，并拍摄了海洋生物记录片的事情。
40．细节理解题。根据*后一段Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.可知，Fabien是一个Ocean explorer海洋探险家、Documentary filmmaker纪录片的导演；根据**段*后一句With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.可知，他是一个Environmentalist环境保护者。没有提到他是媒体策划经理，故选D。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000-2002…, Then in 2003-2006,…可知。用例举事实法叙述他研究的情况。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath. Fabien's Mission 31开辟了一条新路，他走得更深、更久、更远，把海底的冒险和神秘显示给了世人。也*是说Fabien's Mission 31打破了以前海洋探险的记录。故选B。
43．推理判断题。A. Modern Technology现代科技； B. Space Exploration太空探险；C. Outstanding Figures.杰出人物； D. Fantastic Wildlife神奇的野生动植物。根据整篇短文围绕Fabien在海洋的探险、保护海洋、拍摄纪录片等方面的贡献，属于人物类短文。故选C。
 
44．C
45．A
46．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用文。主要介绍了世界各地的夜空公园。
44．细节理解题。根据Warrumbungle National Park中的“Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth.” 可知Warrumbungle National Park晴朗的夜空和高海拔使它成为地球南部自然的、有教育意义的天文遗产公园。分析选项可知C项符合题意。
45．细节理解题。根据Sark部分中的“With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an exceptional view of the dark skies. A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.” 可知，Sark岛上没有机动车辆。分析选项可知A正确。
46．推理判断题。根据Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon部分中的“Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement”可知“它的地理位置、恶劣的气候和令人生畏的景观在很大程度上击败了人类定居的企图，使它成为观看夜空的**场所。”句中的“ 位置、恶劣的气候和令人敬畏的景观”都是地理条件，故选C。
 
47．A
48．C
49．C
50．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是记叙文。作者解释了自己思念故乡的原因。
47．词义猜测题。根据**段中Instead of enjoying Florida’s mild winters, I willingly endure the severe weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.“我没有享受佛罗里达州温和的冬天，而是心甘情愿地忍受长岛的恶劣天气，在那里我称之为家，已经有65年了。”由此可知划线词指的是“在温暖的气候中过冬的人。”故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据Florida’s mild winters和 the severe weather on Long Island可知，长岛的天气更糟。故选C。
49．推理判断题。根据第四段中What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey din ner, or watching neighbors’ children excitedly open gifts on Christmas?“有什么能比和家人朋友坐在一起吃感恩节火鸡大餐，或者看着邻居的孩子兴奋地打开圣诞礼物更好的呢?”由此推知，作者在佛罗里达*想念“家庭聚会。”故选C。
50．推理判断题。根据Instead of enjoying Florida’s mild winters, I willingly endure the severe weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.（我不爱佛州的温和，甘愿忍受长岛的严寒）the biggest reason why I return，the reasons why I come back. 可知作者为了抒发思乡之情。故选D。
【点睛】
做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，*常见的*是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其要抓住所需推断词汇前后的内容。本题第1小题，根据**段中Instead of enjoying Florida’s mild winters, I willingly endure the severe weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.“我没有享受佛罗里达州温和的冬天，而是心甘情愿地忍受长岛的恶劣天气，在那里我称之为家，已经有65年了。”由此可知划线词指的是“在温暖的气候中过冬的人。”故选A。
 
51．A
52．B
53．B
54．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文阅读。这篇文章主要介绍了一项对于演员大脑活动的研究。现在，研究人员表示，演员的大脑活动模式不同，取决于他们是否扮演角色。
51．推理判断题。答案定位在第五段Once inside the MRI scanner, the actors were asked to answer a number of questions, such as: would they go to the party?（一旦进入核磁共振扫描仪，演员们被要求回答一系列问题，比如:他们会去参加派对吗?）由此推断出Brown博士的团队是通过扫描一些演员的大脑活动进行他们的研究的，故选A。
52．细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第三段The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they use some third-person knowledge or inferences about their character.（结果显示，大脑活动的不同取决于所测试的情境。研究小组发现，当演员在扮演角色时，他们会使用一些第三人称知识或对角色的推断。）由此可知Brown博士的研究发现，演员在表演时大脑活动是不同的，故选B。
53．推理判断题。答案定位在*后一段However, Philip Davis, a professor at the University of Liverpool, was unimpressed by the research, saying acting is about far more than "pretending" to be someone — it involves embodying (体现) the text and language.（然而，利物浦大学教授Philip Davis对这项研究并不以为然。他说，表演不仅仅是“假装”成某个人，它还包括文本和语言的体现。）由此推断出Philip Davis对这项研究持怀疑态度，故选B。
54．主旨大意题。第二段Now, researchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending on whether they are in character or not.（现在，研究人员表示，演员的大脑活动模式不同，取决于他们是否扮演角色）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要介绍了一项对于演员大脑活动的研究，故选C。
【点睛】
细节理解题的解题思路：
细节理解题*是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题2，答案定位在倒数第三段The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they use some third-person knowledge or inferences about their character.（结果显示，大脑活动的不同取决于所测试的情境。研究小组发现，当演员在扮演角色时，他们会使用一些第三人称知识或对角色的推断。）由此可知Brown博士的研究发现，演员在表演时大脑活动是不同的，故选B。
 
55．B
56．B
57．C
58．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章作者介绍了自己多年来，独自旅行的经历。作者从中收获了很多。
55．细节理解题。答案定位在**段For years, decades in fact, I've puzzled over the response most people have when I tell them I mostly travel alone.（多年来，甚至几十年来，当我告诉大多数人我主要是独自旅行时，他们的反应让我感到困惑。），故选B。
56．细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第三段She announced by letter two days before our departure that she would be leaving me halfway at Vienna. It was too late by then to rope in another friend, so it was either to go home after Vienna, or keep going by myself. I kept going. I got on trains by myself, checked into hostels by myself and found my way around by myself.（在我们动身的前两天，她写信通知我，她将在维也纳中途离开我。那时再找一个朋友已经太晚了，所以我要么从维也纳回家，要么一个人继续走。我继续。我自己上了火车，自己住旅馆，自己找路。）由此可知，关于她**次独自旅行，作者说她不得不选择自己去，故选B。
57．词义猜测题。上文That was three decades ago, and since then I have travelled all over the world, usually on my own. I still do what I did then, which is to keep a diary.说那是30年前的事了，从那时起，我周游世界，通常是独自一人。我仍然做我当时做的事，那*是记日记。由此可知，下文The greatest gift of solo travel has been those I've met along the way.的意思是独自旅行*棒的礼物*是一路上遇到的人。“solo travel”的意思是独自旅行，故选C。
58．细节理解题。答案定位在*后一段I may have set off alone each time but I've encountered many people who became important to me. I met my husband in Kathmandu, Nepal. I met lifelong friends in Australia, Poland, Hungary, Turkey, India, Indonesia and many other places.（我可能每次都是独自出发，但我遇到了很多对我很重要的人。我在尼泊尔加德满都遇见了我的丈夫。我在澳大利亚、波兰、匈牙利、土耳其、印度、印度尼西亚等地结识了一生的朋友。）可知作者从她的旅行中得到的好处是一路上她遇到了很多人，故选D。
【点睛】
通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。小题1，答案定位在**段For years, decades in fact, I've puzzled over the response most people have when I tell them I mostly travel alone.其中response是关键词，由此可知当作者向人们讲述她的经历时，人们的反应使她感到困惑，故选B。
 
59．C
60．D
61．B
62．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了巴西全国各地，尤其是在巴西首都里约热内卢，人们悲愤交集，他们深爱的**博物馆被焚毁。
59．细节理解题。答案定位在**段By Monday morning, when I visited the site, the firemen were busy trying to enter the huge, early 19th-century neoclassical building.（到了周一早上，当我参观现场时，消防员们正忙着进入这座19世纪早期的新古典主义建筑。）由此可知，巴西**博物馆建于19世纪初，故选C。
60．细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Nobody yet knows the cause of the fire, but it is the officials' irresponsibility and the funding shortages in particular, which are being blamed for this tragedy.（目前还没有人知道火灾的原因，但官员们的不负责任，尤其是资金短缺，被指责为这场悲剧的罪魁祸首。）由此可知，不知道是什么东西引起了博物馆的大火，故选D。
61．推理判断题。答案定位在**段A mixture of deep sorrow and anger has swept Brazilians across the country（悲伤和愤怒交织在一起，席卷了巴西全国）和*后一段When I think that I can no longer take my youngest daughter to the Museum Nacional — that is what gets me emotional. It is this feeling that has penetrated (穿透) our souls and may leave Brazilians feeling empty for a long time to come.（当我想到我不能再带着我*小的女儿去**博物馆的时候——这让我很有情绪。正是这种感觉渗透了我们的灵魂，可能会让巴西人在未来很长一段时间里感到空虚。）由此可以推断出，这篇文章是在悲伤的情绪中写成的，A. delight    高兴的；B. sorrow悲伤的；C. defeat打败；D. humour幽默的，故选B。
62．主旨大意题。**段A mixture of deep sorrow and anger has swept Brazilians across the country — particularly in the city of Rio de Janeiro — with the burning of their beloved Museu Nacional, or National Museum.是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了
巴西全国各地，尤其是在巴西首都里约热内卢，人们悲愤交集，他们深爱的**博物馆被焚毁。所以这篇文章*好的题目是“失去了博物馆，可能再也不会回来了”，故选D。
 
63．C
64．D
65．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章作者介绍了用Blinkist应用程序阅读的五本*常读的书。
63．细节理解题。答案定位在**段But what if you could get the benefits of reading without sacrificing all of your free time? You can! With the Blinkist app, you get the key learning in minutes, not hours or days.（但如果你能在不牺牲所有空闲时间的情况下从阅读中获益呢?你可以!使用Blinkist应用程序，你可以在几分钟内获得关键的学习内容，而不是几小时或几天。）由此可知Blinkist应用程序*适合没有时间读书的人，故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don't Do部分 147k reads；How to Stop Worrying and Start Living 部分238k reads；How Will You Measure Your Life?部分137k reads；Finding Your Element部分62.4k reads；Emotional Intelligence部分318k reads，通过比较可知，Emotional Intelligence这本书的阅读人数*多，故选D。
65．细节理解题。答案定位在How to Stop Worrying and Start Living部分Carnegie came up with a formula that helps you handle any overthinking situation.（Carnegie提出了一个准则，可以帮助你处理任何过度思考的情况。）由此可知How to Stop Worrying and Start Living本书给有压力的人提供建议，故选B。
单项选择
1．He was admitted to Harvard University, ____was just what his parents expected.
A．who B．which
C．what D．where
2．The room is so clean. He ____have cleaned it yesterday evening.
A．will B．need
C．can D．must
3．You should set a goal and see____ you can achieve it in the coming exam.
A．which B．what
C．whether D．when
4．—How about going sightseeing this Saturday afternoon?
Sorry, I _______ my research report the whole weekend.
A．will have written B．will be writing
C．have written D．have been writing
5．Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.
A．should have done B．need have done C．would have done D．must have done
6．When faced with a big challenge ________ potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe you've heard this advice before: “Be more confident.”
A．where B．whose C．which D．of which
7．Contrary to popular belief, the ants, hardworking ________ they are, have their time for play.
A．because B．while C．as D．where
8．The tech industry expo, which attracted more than 180, 000 people, was a reminder of       the tech industry is best at: being optimistic about itself.
A．that B．how
C．what D．which
9．There is no doubt that climate all over the world ______ greatly in recent years.
A．had changed B．is changing
C．changed D．has been changing
10．The fellow we spoke ________ no comment at first.
A．to make B．to made
C．made D．to making
11．Mr. White, who ________ in Shanghai for seven years, is a manager of a company in Beijing.
A．was working B．worked
C．had worked D．has worked
12．Nature is understandable in the sense ______ she will answer truly and reward with discoveries when we ask her questions via observation.
A．that B．where
C．how D．what
13．---I hear you’ll cancel all your plans and appointments. Why?
---They _____ my life. I just can’t stop.
A．control B．controlled
C．have controlled D．have been controlling
14．Difficulties strengthen the mind, _____ labour does the body.
A．if B．as
C．for D．so
15．If you have a job, ______ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
A．do devote B．to devote
C．devoting D．devoted
16．--- Dad, have you seen my Christmas card?
--- ______ you painted last night? I’m afraid I haven’t seen ______.
A．One ; one B．The one ; it
C．One ; it D．The one ; that
17．The only problem was ______ we kept getting lost! But people in Tianjin are very friendly and helpful.
A．why B．whether
C．that D．how
18．--- Why didn’t you help the little boy?
--- Oh, he had struggled to his feet ______ I could run over and offered any help.
A．before B．after
C．when D．since
19．Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ______ they wait here or outside?
A．May B．Should C．Shall D．Will
20．The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ______ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A．whether B．where C．that D．why
21．--- We have decided to go for a picnic tomorrow, Jack. Are you going with us?
--- Well, ______ you are going, so will I.
A．when B．since C．if D．while
22．I got enough money ready before leaving for the bookstore _______ I found many good books that could add to my collection.
A．so that B．in case
C．provided that D．only if
23．—What a pity that Dad didn’t attend my graduation ceremony yesterday afternoon.
—Oh, he _______ some business partners from Europe.
A．would meet B．was meeting
C．had met D．has met
24．_______ economic growth, various measures are being taken to expand domestic demand.
A．Having stabilized B．Stabilizing
C．Stabilized D．To stabilize
25．Without the wise leadership of the Party, it _______ hard to achieve the GDP growth target for 2019 at between 6 percent and 6.5 percent.
A．would have been B．would be
C．were D．had been
26．—You need to provide a hard argument as to _______ the exam scheme will be reformed.
—As you see, teachers and students have too much burden.
A．where B．when
C．how D．why
27．The teacher’s voice still remained calm ______ she was getting annoyed.
A．as long as    B．even if
C．as if    D．now that
28．In front of the whole audience, Premiere Li made his promise ______ the government would try its best to solve the problem of poverty in China.
A．what    B．which
C．whether    D．that
29．---Where is my Chinese book? I remember I put it here yesterday.
---You _________ it in the wrong place.
A．must put    B．should have put
C．might have put    D．might put
30．---Are you satisfied with his school report?
---Not at all. It couldn’t have been ______.
A．worse    B．so bad
C．better    D．the worst
31．---What do you do, Susan?
---I am a clerk in a foreign company now. But I __________English in a high school for 8 years.
A．teach    B．had taught
C．have taught    D．taught
32．They’ve won their last three matches. ________I find a bit surprising
A．that B．when C．what D．which
33．Sometimes, the kind of food we serve a person suggests _____ we show our gratitude.
A．when    B．what
C．why    D．how
34．In the US, there are currently over 5,000 community schools _____, in addition to serving as educational institutions, function as community centers for the surrounding neighborhood.
A．which    B．where
C．whose    D．as
35．－ What does the sign over there read?
－ “No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”
A．will    B．shall
C．may    D．must
36．As Emerson puts it,____ we travel the world over to find the beautiful,we must carry it with us orwe find it not.
A．unless    B．until    C．though    D．because
37．—What a pity! You missed my birthday party.
—Terribly sorry!___________my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.
A．Should B．Would
C．Had D．Did
38．—It’s really great to have a computer to store my photos.
—Don’t count on it too much. It ________ break down and you’d better make a copy of them.
A．must B．can
C．should D．will
39．Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.
A．this    B．one
C．it    D．that
40．—It’s already 11 o’clock , and he ______ have been here half an hour ago.
—Maybe he got caught in the rain.
A．must    B．ought to
C．may    D．can
41．—When shall we set about doing our work?
—______ all the group members are here.
A．Until    B．Since
C．Unless    D．Not until
42．In response to the citizens’ concern, the government claimed ______ measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months.
A．taking    B．to take
C．having taken    D．to have taken
43．—Mum , what did the doctor say ?
—He advised me to live _________ the air is fresher.
A．if    B．because    C．where    D．when
44．— Who are making so much noise in the garden now?
— _____ the naughty children.
A．It is    B．They are    C．That is    D．There are
45．—Mum, have you seen my U-Disk?
—______ you bought last Sunday? I'm afraid I haven't seen ______.
A．The one; one    B．The one; it    C．One; it    D．That; one
46．Since Jack was laid off from his job three months ago, he _____ a new one, but without luck.
A．looked for    B．had looked for
C．has been looking for    D．is looking for
47．We spend more time studying on our lessons than we        .
A．taking exercise    B．take exercise
C．have taken exercise    D．do taking exercise
48．I _______ you not to touch my ink---now it’s spilt and my paperwork has been spoiled.
A．tell.    B．have told.    C．told.    D．was telling.
49．______ has caused great confusion is ______ he made it without anyone else’s help.
A．What; that.    B．What; how.    C．It; how.    D．It; that.
50．A good teacher must______ to his students the importance of a proper learning method.
A．get across    B．get through    C．get away    D．get over
51．---With his leg _______ in the game, I’m afraid Tony can’t take part in the next match.
---I _______ his home the other day, and his mum said he was still in hospital.
A．injuring; have contacted    B．being injured; have contacted
C．to be injured; contacted    D．injured; contacted
52．_______ in the traffic jam, I usually set out at 7:00 in the morning from home by car..
A．To avoid to be caught    B．To avoid being caught
C．Avoiding being caught    D．Avoid to be caught
53．It was the first time that the doctor _______ making a mistake concerning the patient.
A．admitted    B．had admitted    C．has admitted    D．would admit
54．— There will be a famous writer coming to give us a talk. Are you coming?
—   It’s a good opportunity I shouldn’t miss.
A．No problem!    B．Why bother?    C．Why me?    D．That’s for sure.
55．We would celebrate the victory together     we win the game tomorrow.
A．would    B．should    C．shall    D．will
56．   you reminded me, I knew nothing about the mistakes I made in my term paper.
A．Unless    B．Until    C．After    D．When
57．— Why did you put the wood near the fire? It’s dangerous!
— Don’t worry. Wet wood won’t  easily.
A．burn    B．burnt    C．be burnt    D．be burning
58．— Would you care for a cup of tea? It tastes pretty good.
— I    one. Thank you just the same.
A．have had    B．had    C．would have    D．will have
59．---How foolish I was!    
---____ you have realized that, stop blaming yourself.
A．Since    B．Unless
C．Although    D．Even if
60．---Here you are. This is the hotel!
--- It's so close to the station. We ____ the taxi at all!
A．might not have taken    B．couldn’t have taken
C．needn't have taken    D．mustn't have taken
61．---Six o’clock in the morning? –
---No, don't call me that early in the morning. I _________.
A．sleep    B．will be sleeping
C．am sleeping    D．will sleep
62．---Haven’t you finished the construction of the teaching building to be used next term?
--- Yes. My workers and I _____ on it for over nine months.
A．have worked    B．have been working
C．worked    D．had worked
63．Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays.
A．won’t be    B．hadn’t been
C．wouldn’t be    D．can’t be
64．Guandan, a Poker game, originating _____ Premier Zhou Enlai was born, has been popular with the men in the street around the country.
A．from which    B．in where
C．where    D．what
65．The girl was then hit a second time by another van _________ an elderly trash collector came to her aid, according to some witnesses.
A．before    B．where    C．until    D．when
66．Nicholas was very kind, merciful and generous. This is ________ Father Christmas is based on.
A．where    B．how    C．what    D．why
67．An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.
A．was held    B．would hold    C．has hold    D．will be held
68．I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I ________ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.
A．have exposed    B．had been exposed    C．have been exposed    D．was exposed
69．Most people quit ________ any results appear; they give up too soon and a quitter never wins.
A．while    B．until    C．since    D．before
70．-How can I get in touch with the travel agency, Robin?
-Just surf the Internet and then call one ________ the telephone number is provided.
A．with which    B．in which    C．of which    D．by which
71．We believe       you have been devoted to       naturally of great necessity.
A．that; being    B．all that; be
C．that all; are    D．what; is
72．The problem with traffic crowdedness in the city put forward at the meeting,       the government takes into consideration, is of great importance.
A．what    B．where
C．which    D．as
73．The recent financial crisis         into account, the Japanese boss         back on the number of employees working for him.
A．taking; cuts    B．was taken; cut
C．taken; cut    D．to take; cutting
74．Throughout the history of movie-making, Shakespeare’s plays       for films more than the works of any other writer.
A．were being adapted    B．would be adapted
C．have been adapted    D．are adapted
75．All of our equipment dates back to the 1960s and 1970s; we cannot make products that compete with foreign products,       we can buy the necessary technology.
A．unless    B．while
C．once    D．if
76．--- Difficulties always go with me!
--- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there       be a window opened for you.
A．must    B．would
C．could    D．can
77．﹣﹣﹣The president will come to attend your lecture at 10：00 tomorrow．
﹣﹣﹣I'm sorry， by then my lecture will have just ended and I _________ my fans in my office．
A．have met B．will have met
C．will meet D．will be meeting
78．Granny always keeps her cellphone switched off _________she's expecting a call．
A．Since B．unless
C．once D．when
79．Just tell Mike __________ has a good knowledge of physics and history is qualified for the position．
A．Whenever B．Whomever
C．Whoever D．Whichever
80．_________ the French and their revolution spirit， many countries have chosen to use the same colours on their flags．
A．In terms of B．In case of
C．In response to D．In salute to
参考答案
1．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：他被哈佛大学录取了，这正是他的父母所期望的。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面的内容，在从句中作主语，故B项正确。
2．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他**是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情*有把握的猜测，意思是“**（做过）”，故D项正确。
3．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：你应该设定一个目标并看你是否能在即将来临的考试中达到。根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故C项正确。
4．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：——这周六下午去观光怎么样?——不好意思，整个**我都会在写研究报告。表示将来的某一时间正在做的事情用将来进行时，故B项正确。
5．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“**做过某事”，故选C。
6．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当面对一个巨大的挑战时，潜在的失败似乎无处不在，也许你以前听过这个建议:“更自信。”________ potential failure seems to hide at every corner是一个定语从句，先行词是 a big challenge，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选A。
7．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词。句意：与人们普遍认为的相反，尽管蚂蚁很勤劳，但它们也有玩耍的时间。文中含有一个让步状语从句，并且使用了倒装，as 引导让步状语从句，句子要倒装，while不能用倒装，故选C。
8．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词的宾语从句。句意：吸引了18万多人参加的科技产业博览会提醒人们，科技产业*擅长的是:对自己保持乐观。此处介词of后面是一个宾语从句，从句没有引导词，且从句谓语部分缺少主语，所以用what其双重作用，故选C。
9．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：毫无疑问，*近几年全球气候一直在剧烈变化。本句的时间状语in recent years通常与现在完成时连用，表示一段时间以来一直发生的事情，ABC三项都不是现在完成时。现在完成进行时强调从过去开始发生的事情一直延续到现在，与语境相符，故选D项。
10．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：和我们说话的那个人一开始没有发表评论。we spoke作the fellow的定语从句，speak不及物，表示和某人谈话应用speak to sb.故该定语从句补充完整为we spoke to，剩余部分为主句，根据spoke可知，主句叙述的是过去的事情，故谓语动词应用made。综上，该空应填to made。B选项正确。
11．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：怀特先生在上海工作过七年，他现在是北京的一家公司的经理。根据下文表述现在是在北京工作可知，在上海工作是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故选B。
【点睛】
时态是常考考点，除了要求考生掌握各个时态的基本用法之外，考生需具有在具体语境中辨别能力。时态的判定往往根据句中所给的直接或间接的时间状语来判定，但要注意的是不能完全依赖于所给出的时间状语，还要看语境。本小题有个很明显的时间状语for seven years，如果以此来判断，应使用现在完成时，很容易盲目的选择C项，但根据下文语境可知，此处叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。
12．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：自然是可以被了解的，在某种程度上，当我们通过观察向她提出疑问时，她会以探索的方式真诚的回答并回报我们。短语In the sense that“在某种意义上，在某种程度上”，故选A。
13．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：-我听说你取消了你所有的计划和预约，为什么呢？-因为他们一直在掌控我的生活，我控制不了了。强调动作发生在过去持续到了现在，且一直在进行，用现在完成进行时，选D。
14．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：困难能强化人的心智，正如劳动能强壮身体一样。A. if    如果；B. as与……一样；C. for为了；因为；D. so因此。此处表示“正如…一样”，连接前后句，符合题意，选B
15．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查祈使句。句意：如果你有一份工作，专注于你的工作，*终你*会成功。分析句子可知，______ yourself to it为主句，该句缺乏谓语，故用动词原形，选A。
16．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：“爸爸，你看到我的圣诞卡了吗?”“你昨晚画的那幅吗？恐怕我还没见过它。” one指代Christmas card，**空表特指“昨晚画的那幅”，应加定冠词the；第二空指代“昨晚画的那幅”，表同一事物，应使用代词it。故B选项正确。
17．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查表语从句。句意：**的问题是我们总是迷路！但是天津人非常友好，乐于助人。A. why为什么；B. whether是否；C. that引导名词性从句时，不做句子成分，只其连接作用；D. how如何。此处为表语从句，从句不缺成分，应使用that引导。故C选项正确。
18．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：“你为什么不帮助那个小男孩？”“噢，我还没来得及跑过去帮他，他*挣扎着站了起来。” A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. when当……的时候；D. since自从，既然。故A选项正确。
19．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查Shall的用法。句意：贝克先生，有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面等?Shall用于**、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。
【点睛】
Shall的用法
Shall作为助动词，一般用于**人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。Shall后面接动词原形。例如：
（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。
（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。常考的特殊用法
1. Shall用于**人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?
2. Shall用于**、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?
3. Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告）
He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）
He shall be punished. （威胁）
20．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查主语从句。句意：一般来说，一个人的智力极限在出生时是固定的，但他是否达到这些极限将取决于他所处的环境。此处是主语从句，从句缺少引导词，不缺少成分，疑问语气，结合句意应该用whether“是否”，故选A。
21．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查状语从句。A. when当---时候；B. since既然；C. if如果；D. while虽然。句意：——杰克，我们决定明天去野餐。你和我们一起去吗?——既然你要走，我也要走。结合句意可知此处是since引导的原因状语从句，故选B。
22．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查状语从句。A. so that以便；B. in case以防；C. provided that倘若；D. only if只有。句意：我在去书店之前准备了足够的钱以防我发现值得收藏的好书。根据句意可知此处表示“以防”，用in case引导这个目的状语从句，故B项正确。
23．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意——爸爸昨天下午没有参加我的毕业典礼真是太遗憾了。——那时他正在会晤欧洲的商业合作伙伴。表示过去某一时间点（段）正在做的事情用过去进行时，故B项正确。
24．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了稳定经济增长，正在采取措施扩大内需。 此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故D项正确。
25．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有党的英明领导，很难实现2019年国内生产总值增长6％—6.5％的目标。此处是without短语相当于虚拟条件句，根据“2019”判断是对将来的虚拟，主句用would + do的形式，故B项正确。
26．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：——你需要*改革考试制度的原因提出一个有力的论据。——正如你所看到的，老师和学生的负担过重了。从答语的情况来看，改革的原因是老师和学生的负担太重了，从句中缺少原因状语，故D项正确。
27．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. as long as只要；B. even if尽管；C. as if 好像；D. now that既然。句意：尽管老师生气了，但她的声音仍然很平静。根据前后两句的句意可知，它们是让步关系，因此用even if引导让步状语从句。故选B。
28．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：在全体观众面前，李总理承诺:“我们将尽*大努力解决中国的贫困问题。”这是个同位语从句，根据句意可知，此处需用连接词that引导，故选D。
【点睛】
名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。本小题是同位语从句。后面的句子是补充说明promise，承诺的内容，由此可判定是同位语从句。
29．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词。A. must put**放；B. should have put本应该放；C. might have put本可能放；D. might put可能放。句意：--我的语文书在哪？我记得我昨天把它放这了。--你可能放错地方了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，事情发生在过去，是对过去的推测，用情态动词+have done结构，结合句意可知，要用might have done。故选C。
30．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：--你对他的成绩单满意吗？--一点都不。没有比这更糟的了。根据语境可知，此处是表达*高级，否定词+比较级可以表达*高级。故选A。
31．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：---Susan，你做的什么工作？--我现在是一家外国公司的职员。但是我在一所高中教了8年英语。根据句意可知，教学是过去的事情，用一般过去式，故选D。
32．D
【解析】
考查非限定性定语从句关系词的辨析。此处意思是“我发现他们已经赢得了*后的三场比赛，这一点令人有点吃惊”，which代替上句“They’ve won their last three matches”做find的宾语，选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句中，B,C此处没有他们的意思。
33．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：有时候，我们为别人提供的食物暗示了我们如何表达我们的感激之情。可知此处是how引导的宾语从句，故选D。
34．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在美国，目前有超过5000所社区学校，除了作为教育机构之外，还作为周边社区的中心。此处schools是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，确定关系词which/that。故答案为A。
【点睛】
分析定语从句关键抓住两点：**、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词schools，再分析先行词schools在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词schools带到从句中可知，只能作主语，确定关系词which/that。故答案为A。
35．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。—那边那个标志上说什么？—在这一区域，不准吸烟或携带点燃的雪茄、香烟或烟斗。A. will表意愿；B. shall用于第二、三人称，表示命令、警告、威胁、许可等；C. may表可能； D. must必须。故B选项正确。
36．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：如爱默生所言，我们环游世界是为了寻找美，但是我们必须与美同行才能发现它。A. unless除非；B. until直到；C. though尽管；D. because因为。根据句意可知，这里表示一种转折关系，故选C。
37．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——真可惜！你错过了我的生日聚会。——非常抱歉！要是我叔叔没有突然来看我，（我*不会错过你的生日聚会了）。根据语境该句补充完整为：_____ my uncle not visited unexpectedly, I wouldn’t have missed your birthday party. 该句表示对过去事情的虚拟，条件句部分应用had done形式。在虚拟条件句中，从句中有助动词had时，可将if省略，had提前，故C选项正确。
38．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：——有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。——不要过度依赖它。它有时候也会出故障，你*好做一个备份。计算机出故障这是可能的事情，表示客观可能性用can。must肯定，必须；should应该；will表意愿。故B选项正确。
39．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：Scott先生和太太喜欢在小镇上的餐馆，而不喜欢在像纽约这样的大城市里的餐馆。prefer A to B比起……更喜欢……，该句型是固定句型，用one代替another restaurant，故选B。
40．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前*该到了。A. must have done必定做了…（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。
41．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：——我们什么时候开始工作?——直到所有的组员都来了。A. Until在…以前；B. Since自…以来；C. Unless除非；D. Not until直到…才，根据题意，故选D。
42．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定结构。句意：为了回应市民的担忧，政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严重的雾霾。claim to do声称，该用法是固定用法，“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时，故选D。
43．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查地点状语从句。句意：—妈妈，医生怎么说? 他建议我住在空气更清新的地方。结合句意可知此处是where引导的定语从句，故选C。
【点睛】
浅谈强调句
1. 用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。
（1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。
2. not...until...句型的强调句：
句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分：
e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
3. 强调谓语动词：用助动词do, does或did加动词原形来强调谓语动词。注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时态用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。如：Do come early. 务必早来。He did send you a letter last week. 昨天他确实寄给你一封信。
44．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查强调句结构。句意：—现在谁在花园里制造这么多噪音? —是淘气的孩子们。答语中只给出了被强调成分，that / who以及其后部分省略了。故选A。
45．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查it和The one的用法，The one特指某一个东西，one泛指某一个东西；it指上文已提及的事物，句意：—妈妈，你看到我的u盘了吗?—你上个星期买的那个吗？我恐怕没有看见它”，所以选B。
46．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：自从杰克三个月前被解雇后，他一直在找个新的工作，但是不走运。时间状语是since引导的，主句应该是现在完成时或现在完成进行时，这里强调动作一直在进行而且可能还要进行下去，用现在完成进行时，故选C。
47．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查替代和固定搭配。句意：我们花在功课上的时间比花在锻炼上的时间多。固定搭配：spend---（in）doing sth.---“在做---上花费”。此处用do代替前面的动词spend，故答案为D。
48．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我告诉过你不要碰我的墨水——现在墨水泼出来了，我的文件也被弄脏了。此处强调过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故选C.
49．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：让人极大困惑的是他如何在没有别人帮助的情况下做到这一点的。表示“让人困惑的事情”用what引导主语从句，表示“如何做到的”用how表方式，引导表语从句。故选B.
50．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. get across横过，传达，使…被理解；B. get through接通电话；度过；C. get away逃避，离开；D. get over克服，战胜；A项与to连用，构成get sth across to sb让某人理解sth。句意：好的老师**会让他的学生理解恰当的学习方法的重要性。故A项正确。
51．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：—因为他的腿在比赛里受伤了，恐怕Tony不能参加下一场比赛了。—几天前我联系了他的家人，他妈妈说他还在住院。**空中过去分词injured表示“受伤”的状态，第二空 所在句子的时间状语是the other day，表示过去时，所以要填过去式contacted。故D项正确。
52．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查不定式和动名词。句意：为了避免遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7点开车从家出发。不定式短语在句中充当目的状语，固定短语avoid doing sth避免做某事，主语I与catch构成被动关系，所以要用动名词的被动语态。故B项正确。
53．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：这是这位医生**次承认对于这个病人他犯了错。固定句式：It is/was+序数词+ time + that sb have/has/had done sth意为“这是某人第几次做某事的时候”，如果前面的is，后面要用have/has；如果前面是was,后面要用had。本句前面使用了was，后句中要用had。故B项正确。
54．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情景交际。句意：—将有一位著名作家来给我们作报告。你要来吗?—那是肯定的。这是我不该错过的好机会。A. No problem!没问题；B. Why bother?何苦？C. Why me?为什么是我？D. That’s for sure. 那是肯定的。结合句意可知答案为D。
55．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：如果我们明天能赢得比赛，我们*一起庆祝胜利。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与将来的事实相反，如果把if省略则将should/were/助动词had提到主语的前面。故选B。
【点睛】
If引导的虚拟语气：
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我*会见到她。（事实：去晚了）
3.表示与将来事实相反
从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我*跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）
特别注意：如果把非真实条件句中的if省略，则将were/should/助动词had提到主语的前面。had I got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我*会见到她。
56．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：直到你提醒我，我才知道我在学期论文中所犯的错误。until直到---为止，结合句意可知答案为B。
57．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词的主动形式表示被动含义的用法。句意：——你为什么把木头放在火旁边?是很危险的!——不用担心。湿木头不容易燃烧。burn可以用主动形式表示被动意义。类似的动词还有read, write, sell, open等。故选A。
【点睛】
动词主动形式表示被动意义的用法
英语中，有些动词可以以主动形式表示被动意义。如果认真掌握形式主动、意义被动的用法，可避免翻译和理解上的错误。这里将这一语法点详述如下：
1.表示“需要”意思的一些动词，如need, require, want等后接动名词时，用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如：The flowers want watering.这些花需要浇水。
2.write, drive, sell, paint, wash, wear, open, read, cut等动词跟well, easily等副词连用时，用主动形式表示被动意义。如：The car drives well.这车很好开。
3.某些日常用语和行业用语中，常用动词主动形式的进行时表示被动意义，像do, cook, print, copy, build等词。如：The meat is cooking.肉正在炖。
4.表示“发生、传播”意义的动词，如happen, take place, break out, spread等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：The news spread in a small village.消息在一个小村庄传开了。
5.有些连系动词和感官动词如seem, appear, get, smell, taste, sound, remain等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：He appears clever.他似乎很聪明。
6.一些形容词如easy, difficult, hard, comfortable, dangerous, handsome, pleasant等后接不定式的主动形式来表示被动意义。如：The question is difficult to answer.这个问题难回答。
7.在短语“be worth doing”中doing与该句的主语为动宾关系，也是主动形式表示被动意义。如：The song is worth singing.这首歌很值得唱。8.too… to…结构中，不定式以主动形式表示被动意义。如：The place is too far to reach.这个地方远得没法到达。
9.不定式修饰句子主语时，以主动形式表示被动意义。如：The next step for us to take is to set up a school.我们下一步要建立一所学校。0
58．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：——你想喝杯茶吗?味道很好。——我已经喝过了，我仍然谢谢你。结合句意可知此处用现在完成时态，故选A。
59．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：——我是多么愚蠢！——既然你已经意识到，不要再责怪自己。A．Since“既然”，引导原因状语从句；B. unless“除非，如果不”，在意义上相当于if…not，因此在有些场合中unless与if…not可互换使用，引导条件状语从句；C. although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；D. even if“即便，即使”，引导让步状语从句。分析可知上下文语境之间的逻辑关系是因果关系，故选A．
60．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：——你看，这*是宾馆！——离车站太近了。我们根本用不着坐出租车！ might not have done也许已经或可能没有做过；couldn’t have done不可能做过某事；needn't have done不必做但是做了；mustn't have done此种形式的确不存在。故选C。
【点睛】
情态动词+have done是我们要学习的情态动词中重要的一个语法项目，有一点是大家必须记住的，那*是——它**表示“过去的或已经发生的事情”。
下面带大家逐一总结一下其用法：1、must have done对过去的推测，“**已经，肯定已经…”；2、can’t/couldn’t have done对过去的推测，“不可能做过某事”；3、can/could sb. have done...?对过去的推测，“某人可能做过某事吗？”4、may/might have done对过去的推测，“也许已经，可能做过”；5、needn’t have done“不必做但是做了”；6、could have done(不是can)表示“本来可以做而未做”；7、should/ought to have done表示“过去应该做却没有做”，should/ought not to have done表示“过去不该做但做了”；8、would have done表示“本打算做事实上未做”。
61．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：——早上六点钟？——不，不要这么早*给我打电话，我在睡觉呢。根据语境可知，答者对第二天六点钟打电话给他感到惊讶，因为那时他正在睡觉，从而判断用将来进行时。故选B。
62．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：—你们还没有建好下学期要用的教学楼吗?—是的。我和我的员工花了九个多月的时间来做这件事。结合句意可知这里在讲一件过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态，故选C。
63．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：近年来，网络用语的出现越来越多，没有它们，我们的生活*不会如此丰富多彩。结合句意可知此处非限制性定语从句是虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，故选C。
【点睛】
由but for、 with、without、 otherwise等介词短语引导的句中。此类介词短语多引导含条件意味的虚拟语气。如：①The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain. 要没有船长的努力，那这只船及船上所有的人都沉没了。②Without your help, I wouldn’t do the experiment well. 有了你的帮助，我会把实验好好地做的。③I am really busy, otherwise I would certainly go with you. 我真得好忙，否则我当然跟你一起去了。
64．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查地点状语从句。句意：起源于周恩来总理出生地的打牌游戏“Guandan”，在全国各地的大街小巷都很受欢迎。结合句意可知此处是where/引导的地点状语从句，故选C。
65．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查从属连词辨析。句意：据一些目击者称，一名拾荒老人还没来得及救助那个女孩，女孩*随后再一次被货车撞倒。A. before在...之前；B. where 在哪里；C. until知道；D. when当...时候。分析句子可知，本句缺少从属连词，根据句意，before符合句意。故A选项正确。
【点睛】
before可以表达的意义。
1. before作为连词时的基本意义是“在……之前”，用于表示时间或顺序。
2. 表示“过了多久才……”，说明主句的持续时间比较长而从句的动作缓缓来迟。
3. 表示从句动作还没来得及发生或完成，主句动作*已经发生或完成了，意为“尚未……*”，“没来得及……*”。
4. 表示“以免，以防，趁……还没有……”，强调动作的必要性，以避免或防止从句动作的发生。
5.用于 “It will be/would be＋一段时间＋before…”句型中，表示“还要过多长时间才……”；用于“It was＋一段时间＋before…”句型中，表示“过了多长时间才……”，强调时间的“长”。
6. 用于句型“It won’t be/was not＋一段时间＋before…”中，意为“不久*……”，“没过多长时间*……”，强调时间的“短”。
分析句子可知，本句缺少从属连词，本句中的before表示“尚未……*”，“没来得及……*”，所以，A选项符合句意。故A选项正确。
66．C
【解析】
【分析】
考查名词性从句连接词。
【详解】
句意：尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨。这*是圣诞老人的由来。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语，故选择连接代词。且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。故选C。
【点睛】
名词性从句连接词选择方法
[连接代词]
当名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，使用连接代词。常用的有what，who（m），whoever，which，whose等。what根据不同语境和所表示的意思可以灵活翻译成“……的（话、东西、地方、时候、样子等）”；who具有疑问意义，意思是“谁”；whoever没有疑问意义，意思是“……的任何人”，相当于anybody who；which意思是“哪一个”；whose在句中作定语。
如本题考查表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语故选择连接代词。且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。故选C。
 
[连接副词]
当名词性从句中主干齐全，根据意思我们判断出缺少状语时，使用连接副词。常用的有when， where， why和how，分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。这些连接副词既起连接作用，本身又作从句的状语。
 
[从属连词]
  当名词性从句主干齐全，又不缺少状语时，使用从属连词引导。从属连词有that， whether和if。当从句中不缺少成分，只是陈述一件事实时，用that引导；当从句中不缺少成分，有“是否”的含义时，用whether或if引导。
  whether与if在引导动词后的宾语从句时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
  1. 引导主语从句并在句首时；
  2. 引导表语从句时；
  3. 引导从句作介词宾语时；
  4. 从句后有or not时；
  5. 后接动词不定式时。
67．D
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态语态。
【详解】
句意：午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be displayed表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系，故用will be held。故选D。
68．C
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态。
【详解】
句意：今年我比去年更擅长阅读，因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年，延续到今年，并对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。Expose“暴露；揭发”为瞬间性动词，此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态，故用be exposed。综上本题*终选C。
69．D
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词辨析。
【详解】
句意：大多数人在任何结果出现之前*放弃了;他们放弃得太早，放弃的人永远不会成功。A. while当……时候；B. until直到……C. since自从……以来；D. before 在……之前。由下文的they give up too soon太快放弃可知，大多数人是在结果出现之前*放弃了。故选D。
70．C
【解析】
【分析】
考查定语从句。
【详解】
句意：-我怎样才能和旅行社取得联系呢，罗宾? -上网，然后打电话给其中一个提供的电话号码。本句为介词+关系代词结构的定语从句，先行词为one，与从句the telephone number构成所属关系，故选C。
【点睛】
关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义（重中之重）
1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。
I never forget the day on which I came to this school.    (on the day)
如本题中是考查定语从句中先行词与介词的搭配关系，完整结构为the telephone number of one，可知one与telephone number构成所属关系，故用介词of。
二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。
This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan.             (spend money on sth.)
3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
This is my pair of glasses, __without which__I cannot see clearly.
71．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们相信你所投入的自然是非常必要的。分析句子可知，believe后接宾语从句，宾语从句中to为介词后接what作宾语，所以连接词为what，故what you have been devoted to 为主语，谓语动词为第三人称单数is。故D选项正确。
72．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查关系词。句意: 会议上提出的城市交通拥挤问题非常重要，政府考虑到了这个问题。分析句子可知，The problem with traffic crowdedness in the city put forward at the meeting为先行词，作take的宾语，又根据逗号，判断出本句为非限制性定语从句，所以关系代词为which。What不能引导定语从句。先行词在定语从句作宾语，所以不能用关系副词when。as是”正如”的意思,不符合句意。故C选项正确。
【点睛】
定语从句关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或who whom，指人时通常不用which等)。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)；作状语要。
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。
分析句子可知，The problem with traffic crowdedness in the city put forward at the meeting为先行词，作take的宾语，又根据逗号，判断出本句为非限制性定语从句，所以关系代词为which。故C选项正确
73．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去分词和一般过去时。句意：考虑到*近的金融危机，日本老板削减了为他工作的员工人数。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主语为故the Japanese boss ，谓语为cut。The recent financial crisis 与take在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。C选项正确。
74．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：纵观电影制作的历史，莎士比亚的戏剧被改编成电影的次数要比其他作家的作品被改编成电影的次数多。由“Throughout the history of movie-making,”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语Shakespeare’s plays，与谓语adapt为被动。所以用现在完成时的被动语态have been adapted。故C选项正确。
75．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查从属连词辨析。句意：我们所有的设备都可以追溯到20世纪60年代和70年代；除非我们能买到必要的技术，否则我们不能生产与外国产品相竞争的产品。A. unless除非； B. while 当…时候；C. once一旦；D. if如果。分析句子可知，本句为条件状语从句，所以应用表示条件的从属连词，故unless符合句意。故A选项正确。
76．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：---困难总是伴随着我！---高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门，**有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须；B. would将要；C. could可能 ;D. can将要。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为**，表示可能性很大的推测。符合句意。故A选项正确
【点睛】
1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"**"。
2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。
3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。
4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。
5) 否定推测用can't。
本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为**，表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。
77．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：——明天10点，总统会来听你的讲座。——抱歉，那时我的讲座刚刚结束，我将在办公室会见粉丝。表示将来某一时间点发生的事情应该用将来进行时，故D项正确。
78．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. since既然；B. unless除非；C. once一旦……；D. when当……时。句意：外婆的手机总是关机，除非她在等电话。根据句意可知此处表示“除非”，故B项正确。
79．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：只要告诉Mike，凡是精通物理和历史的人都能胜任这个职位。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“任何人”，故C项正确。
80．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。In terms of按照：B. In case of万一：C. In response to响应；D. In salute to致敬。句意：为了向法国人民和他们的革命精神致敬，很多**的国旗使用和法国国旗相同的颜色。根据句意可知此处表示“向……致敬”，故D项正确。
 
完形填空
    I learned something really early from my family: Even the biggest challenges are less    1    when you solve them as a community.
My brother, sister and cousins were my first group.    2    we got more and more fights at home, we never    3    that outside our house, if you messed with one of us, you got    4    of us.
From school to sports, I was    5    in a class project, club, team or group. From speech and debate to field hockey, when I was in a community, I felt    6    to try for things that seemed    7   . I grew because others pushed me.    8    didn’t seem so scary because we were taking risks together.
When a drunk driver killed my father, it was our community that    9   . It was our family friends, our community theater and our sports teams that stood    10    us. My father had been a high school history teacher, and his colleagues—now my teachers—began to keep a    11    eye on us because he    12    could.
I don’t    13    a parent’s death as the way to learn about the    14    of small communities, but it did make me    15    that. If I looked for bigger challenges with the support of a group, I was going to    16    broader goals and build deeper relationships    17    the journey.
As I sit here tonight with my team of five, I’m    18    of how much I love these moments – building    19    we believe in, that we’ll learn from and that we’ll do together.
If you are going to do something that terrifies you, first find a    20   .
1．A．terrifying B．risky C．appealing D．thrilling
2．A．Once B．When C．While D．Since
3．A．argued B．considered C．decided D．doubted
4．A．none B．all C．nothing D．anyone
5．A．sometimes B．seldom C．always D．barely
6．A．curious B．discouraged C．scary D．safe
7．A．under control B．out of my reach C．out of order D．within my ability
8．A．Failure s B．Goals C．Fights D．Disasters
9．A．stepped in B．moved on C．turned up D．stand out
10．A．for B．between C．by D．through
11．A．bigger B．stricter C．warmer D．closer
12．A．no longer B．never C．hardly D．instead of
13．A．confirm B．recommend C．adopt D．identify
14．A．belief B．power C．possibility D．harmony
15．A．realize B．figure C．consider D．notice
16．A．go through B．get over C．go for D．come across
17．A．for B．besides C．by D．throughout
18．A．informed B．reminded C．blamed D．inspired
19．A．anything B．everything C．something D．somebody
20．A．dream B．partner C．organization D．group
 
    The bus is going to be at the station in ten minutes and I have to make it this time. As   21    as a new mom could, I pushed Aidan's arms and legs in his snowsuit and   22   out of the classroom, down to the street corner, my scarf   23   behind me. It was close, but because the ice had already melted on the sidewalk, I   24   to the bus stop,   25   forming beneath my wool hat.
Slowing down, catching my   26   , I wheeled Aidan to the corner and stopped beneath the    27   for Bus 134. Seconds later, the huge white bus   28   in front of us. The driver kindly helped us   29   and I sat opposite the back doors,   30   my now sleeping baby.
It was five months since our family had moved and   31   our car. Living in a city as big and lively as Boston not only kept us   32   ,but also kept us watching our   33   .Moving from Fairbanks, Alaska, with a new baby, we knew we needed to   34   on our expenses in order to   35   for his college funds, our retirement funds, and to be able to eat a good dinner once in a while.
We didn't realize that paring down（削减）would not only deposit   36   money in the bank, but also   37   our health and the environment. I'd already reduced my pregnancy   38   due to all the walking. Looking up at the   39   Boston sky, I felt good about not polluting the environment.
Financial worries exist, but they don't   40   us.
Bus 134 does. And our feet too, of course.
21．A．quickly B．madly C．casually D．nervously
22．A．held B．came C．rushed D．dived
23．A．losing B．flying C．hanging D．jumping
24．A．wandered B．stepped C．slid D．jogged
25．A．ice B．sweat C．mist D．wind
26．A．breath B．cold C．bus D．attention
27．A．stop B．sky C．sign D．shelter
28．A．parked B．waited C．paused D．stopped
29．A．aboard B．abroad C．off D．out
30．A．rubbing B．amusing C．admiring D．looking
31．A．sold B．bought C．rented D．broke
32．A．free B．busy C．easy D．loose
33．A．baby B．house C．business D．wallet
34．A．hold up B．cut down C．put away D．set aside
35．A．cover B．meet C．pay D．save
36．A．more B．less C．extra D．enough
37．A．protect B．strengthen C．improve D．increase
38．A．reaction B．weight C．emotion D．fitness
39．A．vast B．grey C．cold D．bright
40．A．make B．force C．drive D．abandon
 
    It was New Year time. We were travelling in a van (货车）   41   toys to the homeless.
When we    42    the spot, something caught my eye. Something or someone was moving in the rubbish. Soon I    43    that it was the home of a poor family. There were two    44   ， both about my age at the time，and a lady I supposed to be their mother. They sat there    45   .
As a little girl myself I was   46    interested in the little girl. How   47   our lives were. She lived for the day,   48    through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach. I on the other hand was well looked after and never had to worry about    49    I had a good education and thus a   50   future. I looked at the little girl. The only    51    she had was the worn-out dress that she was wearing.
Seeing this little girl I made the decision to   52    a doll that had belonged to me for a while. When the van came to a    53   ，I stepped out, called the girl over and    54   the doll in her hand. At first she looked at me with    55   and wasn’t certain what to do，but then she smiled and I saw    56   in her eyes. I went back into the vehicle and we started to    57   off, and that^'s when we realized the little girl was running    58    We stopped again and opened the door. The girl had   59    with us. She looked directly at me and said two    60   words “Thank You”.
41．A．showing B．recommending C．distributing D．selling
42．A．left B．changed C．chose D．approached
43．A．guaranteed B．realized C．decided D．accepted
44．A．boys B．children C．drivers D．adults
45．A．happily B．angrily C．hopefully D．helplessly
46．A．still B．less C．especially D．probably
47．A．similar B．different C．difficult D．ordinary
48．A．searching B．getting C．running D．breaking
49．A．food B．safety C．health D．transport
50．A．doubtful B．distant C．promising D．foreseeable
51．A．present B．decoration C．requirement D．possession
52．A．give away B．give back C．hand out D．hand in
53．A．station B．stop C．street D．signal
54．A．tore B．placed C．dropped D．threw
55．A．anger B．pain C．surprise D．disappointment
56．A．hope B．loneliness C．anxiety D．astonishment
57．A．walk B．get C．lift D．drive
58．A．behind B．away C．out D．in
59．A．got along B．come along C．caught up D．turned up
60．A．final B．new C．key D．simple
 
    One day when I was 15 years old, I had some friends over to hang out. While we were making food in the kitchen, my brother came in. He placed his beef next to my    61    one and said, “Courtney, your beef is bigger than mine. You don’t need to    62   ; you’re already fat enough.” Then he walked out laughing.
Unpleasant    63    on my physical appearance were nothing new. Something inside me gave in to his idea that my legs were    64   , and that became the last day that I ever willingly wore    65    until I was 30 years old. For the next 15 years, I spent summer after summer    66    in long pants.
But then I met Ragen Chastain, and she    67    everything. I couldn’t believe that this woman who, like myself, weighed almost 300 pounds was so    68    and happy in her own skin. I    69    as she shared her own journey to recovery and self-love. She talked about how amazing our    70    are, simply because of the things they do every day—like breathing,    71    blood to every cell, blinking and walking.
Walking! I was suddenly    72    how foolish I’d been for so long. There’re people who are born without legs, or who lack    73    working legs, or who lose their legs, and I’d been hiding my perfectly strong, healthy, beautiful legs    74    because I had    75    someone to convince me that they weren’t good enough. The next day, I bought three pairs of shorts and a sundress and spent the entire summer letting my legs    76    the sun and feel the breeze.
The next time anyone comments on your body in a    77    way, look them straight in the eye, smile and say, “If what you see    78    you so much, feel free to practice the ancient art of looking    79    else.” That’s Ragen’s own     80   , but I don’t think she’ll mind if you use it.
61．A．small B．plain C．thick D．slim
62．A．walk B．eat C．talk D．cry
63．A．reports B．suggestion C．reflections D．comments
64．A．unnecessary B．unacceptable C．unique D．pants
65．A．shorts B．T-shirts C．socks D．pants
66．A．sleeping B．roasting C．driving D．running
67．A．changed B．solved C．believed D．explained
68．A．sensitive B．generous C．tiresome D．energetic
69．A．laughed B．expected C．waited D．listened
70．A．legs B．weights C．bodies D．images
71．A．pulling B．putting C．preventing D．pumping
72．A．afraid of B．absorbed in C．aware of D．anxious about
73．A．properly B．regularly C．accidentally D．possibly
74．A．in shame B．in panic C．in pride D．in delight
75．A．begged B．allowed C．refused D．invited
76．A．avoid B．see C．cover D．kick
77．A．normal B．special C．different D．negative
78．A．amuses B．excites C．bothers D．hurts
79．A．somewhere B．anywhere C．nowhere D．everywhere
80．A．decision B．question C．creation D．requirement
参考答案
 
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．B
5．C
6．D
7．B
8．A
9．A
10．C
11．D
12．A
13．B
14．B
15．A
16．C
17．D
18．B
19．C
20．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文中通过自己的经历向我们讲述了一下这个道理：在团体里中我们可以变得强大，从团体里我们可以获得关爱与支持。*后作者建议大家寻找自己的团体。
1．考查形容词辨析。当你作为一个团体去处理的时候，即便*大的挑战也会不那么令人可怕。文章的*后一句也提到了terrify。A. terrifying令人害怕的；B. risky危险的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. thrilling令人激动的。故选A。
2．考查连词。句意：尽管在家我们有越来越多的争吵，但在外面我们从不怀疑:你惹到我们中的一个，你*会惹到我们所有的人。A. Once一旦；B. When当…时；C. While    当…时，尽管，而；D. Since自从，因为。故选C。
3．考查动词辨析。句意：但在外面我们从不怀疑你惹到我们中的一个，你*会惹到我们所有的人。。A. argued争论； B. considered考虑，认为；C. decided决定；D. doubted怀疑。故选D。
4．考查代词辨析。句意：你惹到我们中的一个，你*会惹到我们所有的人。A. none没有一个；B. all所有，全部；C. nothing什么都没有；D. anyone任何人。故选B。
5．考查副词辨析。在学校或运动时，我总是在一个班级项目、俱乐部或一个团队里。A. sometimes有时B. seldom极少；C. always总是；D. barely极少。故选C。
6．考查形容词辨析。句意：当我处在一个团队的时候，去争取一些我能力范围之外的东西时，我会觉得很**。A. curious好奇的；B. discouraged泄气的；C. scary害怕的；D. safe**的。故选D。
7．考查介词短语辨析。此处指去争取一些我能力范围之外的东西。A. under control在控制之中；B. out of my reach超出我的能力范围； C. out of order混乱，出毛病；D. within my ability 在我能力之内。故选B。
8．考查名词辨析。句意：因为我们在一起冒险，失败也不那么可怕。A. Failures失败；B. Goals目标；C. Fights战斗；D. Disasters灾难。故选A。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当一名喝醉了的驾驶员害死我父亲的时候，是社区介入进来。A. stepped in介入；B. moved on继续，前行；C. turned up出现；D. stand out突出，显露出来。故选A。
10．考查动词搭配。句意：是我们的家人，朋友，社区剧院，运动队在支持我们。stand by支持。故选C。
11．考查形容词辨析。我父亲的同事们，现在我的老师，开始照看我们。keep a closer eye on us 留心，照看我们，密切关注。故选D。
12．考查副词辨析。句意：因为他(爸爸)不再能照看我们。A. no longer不再；B. never从不；C. hardly几乎不；D. instead of取而代之。故选A。
13．考查动词辨析。句意：我不推荐把家长的去世作为了解认识到小团队的力量的一种方式。A. confirm确认，核实；B. recommend推荐；C. adopt采纳，收养；D. identify认定。故选B。
14．考查名词辨析。句意：我不推荐把家长的去世作为了解认识到小团队的力量的一种方式。A. belief信念；B. power力量；C. possibility可能性；D. harmony和谐。故选B。
15．考查动词辨析。句意：但它的确帮助我认识到了这一点。A. realize意识到；B. figure认为，计算；C. consider考虑，认为；D. notice注意。故选A。
16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我将会主动去追求更大的目标。A. go through经历； B. get over克服；C. go for追求；D. come across 偶遇。go for broader goals 主动去追求更大的目标。故选C。
17．考查介词辨析。句意：在整个的历程中去建立更深厚的关系。A. for为了，对于；B. besides此外；C. by通过；D. throughout贯穿，遍及。 throughout the journey 整个的历程中。故选D。
18．考查动词辨析。句意：我想起我是多么爱这些时刻啊。A. informed告知；B. reminded提醒，使想起；C. blamed责备；D. inspired 激励。be reminded of 被提醒，想起…。inform “通知”，不符合句意。故选B。
19．考查代词辨析。句意:建立起我们所信任的、从中能学习到的并且可以一起做的某件事情(东西)。故选C。
20．考查名词辨析。本文的主题*是讲述团队的重要性。A. dream梦想；B. partner伙伴；C. organization组织；D. group团体。所以选group“团体”。此处不是指某个组织。故选D。
【点睛】
完形填空是高考英语中*难的一个题，正确解答完形填空题是考试成功至关重要的**。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。完形填空的解题方法很多，而词汇复现法*是*常见的方法之一。词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。本题中的**小题中的terrifying,在文章的*后一句也提到了terrify。因此可以采用了同义词或原词复现的方法。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
 
21．A
22．C
23．B
24．D
25．B
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．A
30．C
31．A
32．B
33．D
34．B
35．D
36．A
37．C
38．B
39．D
40．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了从阿拉斯加搬到波士顿之后，作者生活的忙碌和资金上的精打细算。
21．考查副词词义辨析。A. quickly迅速地；B. madly发疯地；C. casually随意地；D. nervously紧张地。根据前句The bus is going to be at the station in ten minutes and I have to make it this time.可知，时间很紧。作为一个新妈妈，我以*快的速度推着艾丹，冲出教室，来到街角。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。A. held容纳；B. came来；C. rushed冲；D. dived俯冲。作为一个新妈妈，我以*快的速度推了推艾丹，冲出教室，来到街角。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。A. losing失去；B. flying飞；C. hanging悬挂；D. jumping跳。因为我走得很快，围巾在身后飞扬。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。A. wandered漫步；B. stepped踏；C. slid滑动；D. jogged慢跑。因为赶车，我小跑着去汽车站。故选D。
25．考查名词词义辨析。A. ice冰；B. sweat汗；C. mist雾；D. wind风。因为走得急，还推着孩子，汗珠在我的羊毛帽子下冒了出来。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。A. breath呼吸；B. cold寒冷；C. bus公共汽车；D. attention注意。根据Slowing down可知，我放慢速度，屏住呼吸，把艾丹推到拐角处。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。A. stop车站；B. sky天空；C. sign标牌；D. shelter避难所。此处指我在134路公共汽车的标牌下停了下来。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。A. parked停车；B. waited等待；C. paused    暂停；D. stopped停止。几秒钟后，那辆巨大的白色公共汽车停在我们前面。故选D。
29．考查介词词义辨析。A. aboard上车；B. abroad在国外；C. off离开；D. out向外。根据前句Seconds later, the huge white bus___8___in front of us.可知，司机好心地帮我们上了车。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。A. rubbing摩擦；B. amusing娱乐；C. admiring欣赏；D. looking看。我坐在后门对面，欣赏着我熟睡的孩子。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。A. sold*；B. bought买；C. rented租；D. broke打破。根据上文坐公共汽车可知，我们家搬家并*掉汽车已经有五个月了。故选A。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。A. free免费的；B. busy繁忙的；C. easy容易的；D. loose放松。生活在像波士顿这样又大又热闹的城市里，使我们忙得不可开交。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。A. baby婴儿；B. house房子；C. business商业；D. wallet钱包。watch one’s wallet字面意思是“看好某人的钱包”，这里引申为“某人精打细算”。而且使我们不得不精打细算。故选D。
34．考查动词短语词义辨析。A. hold up举起；B. cut down消减；C. put away收拾；D. set aside留出。根据前句Living in a city as big and lively as Boston not only kept us___12___,but also kept us watching our___13___.可知，我们从阿拉斯加的费尔班克斯搬来，带着一个新生儿，我们知道不得不精打细算，我们需要削减开支。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。A. cover覆盖；B. meet遇见；C. pay付钱；D. save节省，保存。以便为他的大学基金、我们的退休基金存钱，并能偶尔吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。故选D。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。A. more更多；B. less更少；C. extra额外的；D. enough足够的。我们没有意识到削减（开支）不仅能在银行里存更多的钱。故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。A. protect保护；B. strengthen加强；C. improve改善；D. increase增加。削减（开支）也能改善我们的健康和环境。故选C。
38．考查名词词义辨析。A. reaction反应；B. weight体重；C. emotion情感；D. fitness健康。根据due to all the walking.可知，因为走路，我已经减轻了怀孕时的体重。故选B。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。A. vast巨大的；B. grey灰色的；C. cold寒冷的；D. bright明亮的。根据I felt good about not polluting the environment.可知，仰望波士顿明亮的天空，我为没有污染环境而感到高兴。故选D。
40．考查动词词义辨析。A. make制作；B. force强迫；C. drive驱使；D. abandon抛弃。经济上的担忧是存在的，但它们不会驱使我们不快乐。故选C。
【点睛】
本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。文章逻辑性较强，只要读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。如本完形填空中，抓住文章首句The bus is going to be at the station in ten minutes and I have to make it this time.可以分析出，由于她为了赶时间上公共汽车，所以她不得不匆忙，从而为小题2、3、4动词的答案的选择提供了语境。
 
41．C
42．D
43．B
44．B
45．D
46．C
47．B
48．A
49．A
50．C
51．D
52．A
53．B
54．B
55．C
56．A
57．D
58．A
59．C
60．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了作者乘面包车旅行，给无家可归的人分发玩具。作者遇到两个在垃圾堆中寻找食物的孩子，作者感叹自己的生活与她们有多么不同。作者把一个喜爱的洋娃娃送给这个女孩后，这个女孩追着车一路跑，只为对作者说一声“谢谢”。
41．考查动词辨析。根据the homeless 可知这里意思是我们乘面包车旅行，给无家可归的人分发玩具。A. showing展示；B. recommending推荐；C. distributing分发；D. selling销售，故选C。
42．考查动词辨析。句意：当我们接近那个地方时，一些事情引起了我的注意。A. left离开；B. changed改变；C. chose    选择；D. approached接近，故选D。
43．考查动词辨析。句意：很快我意识到这是一户贫穷人家的家。A. guaranteed保证；    B. realized意识到；C. decided决定；D. accepted接受，故选B。
44．考查名词辨析。根据As a little girl myself I was___6___ interested in the little girl. 可知这里意思是那是和我年龄相仿的两个孩子。A. boys男孩；B. children孩子们；C. drivers司机；D. adults成年人，故选B。
45．考查副词辨析。根据Something or someone was moving in the rubbish.可知这里意思是她们无助地坐在那里。A. happily快乐地；B. angrily愤怒地；C. hopefully有希望地；    D. helplessly无助地，故选D。
46．考查副词辨析。句意：作为一个小女孩，我对这个小女孩特别感兴趣。A. still仍然；B. less较少地；C. especially特别；D. probably很可能，故选C。
47．考查形容词辨析。根据She lived for the day,___8___ through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach. I on the other hand was well looked after and never had to worry about ___9___ I had a good education and thus a___10___future.可知作者通过比较来说明我和小女孩的生活有多么地不同。 A. similar相似的；B. different不同的；C. difficult困难的；D. ordinary普通的，故选B。
48．考查动词辨析。根据something to fill her stomach.可知这里意思是她穿梭于垃圾中寻找食物。A. searching寻找；B. getting得到；C. running跑； D. breaking破坏，故选A。
49．考查名词辨析。根据I on the other hand was well looked after 可知这里意思是我不用为食物担心。A. food食物；B. safety**；C. health健康；D. transport运输，故选A。
50．考查形容词辨析。根据I had a good education可知这里意思是我有一个有前途的未来。 A. doubtful令人生疑的；B. distant遥远的；C. promising有前途的；D. foreseeable可预知的，故选C。
51．考查名词辨析。句意：她**的财产*是她穿的那件破衣服。A. present礼物；B. decoration装饰；C. requirement要求；D. possession财产，故选D。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：看到这个小女孩，我决定赠送一个曾经属于我一段时间的洋娃娃。A. give away赠送；B. give back归还；C. hand out分发；D. hand in提交，故选A。
53．考查名词辨析。根据I stepped out,可知这辆面包车停下来。A. station车站；B. stop停止；C. street街道；D. signal信号，故选B。
54．考查动词辨析。句意：我走了出来，把女孩叫过来，把娃娃放在她手里。A. tore撕开；    B. placed放；C. dropped下降；D. threw抛，故选B。
55．考查名词辨析。根据and wasn’t certain what to do可知这里意思是起初，她很吃惊地看着我。 A. anger生气；B. pain疼痛；C. surprise吃惊；D. disappointment失望，故选 C。
56．考查名词辨析。句意：但后来她笑了，我从她的眼睛里看到了希望。A. hope希望；B. loneliness孤独；C. anxiety渴望；D. astonishment惊讶，故选A。
57．考查动词辨析。句意：我回到车里，我们开始开车。A. walk步行；B. get获得；C. lift举起；D. drive开车，故选D。
58．考查副词辨析。根据We stopped again and opened the door.可知这里意思是*在那时，我们意识到那个小女孩跟在后面跑。A. behind在后面；B. away离开；C. out在外；D. in在…之内，故选A。
59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个女孩已经赶上我们了。A. got along进展；B. come along出现；C. caught up抓起；D. turned up出现，catch up with“赶上”，故选C。
60．考查形容词辨析。句意：她直视着我说了两个简单的字“谢谢”。A. final*终的；B. new新的；C. key关键的；D. simple简单的，故选D。
【点睛】
完形填空的解题技巧之一*是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出*佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题4根据As a little girl myself I was___6___ interested in the little girl. 可知这里意思是那是和我年龄相仿的两个孩子。A. boys男孩；B. children孩子们；C. drivers司机；D. adults成年人，故选B。小题13根据I stepped out,可知这辆面包车停下来。A. station车站；B. stop停止；C. street街道；D. signal信号，故选B。
 
61．C
62．B
63．D
64．B
65．A
66．B
67．A
68．D
69．D
70．C
71．D
72．C
73．A
74．A
75．B
76．B
77．D
78．C
79．A
80．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过自己的亲身经历，说明了不要在意别人对自己身体的负面评价，每个人都应该充满活力而又快乐地去生活。
61．考查形容词辨析。根据your beef is bigger than mine.可知这里意思是他把他的牛肉放在我的厚牛肉旁边。A. small小的；B. plain平的；C. thick厚的；D. slim苗条的，故选C。
62．考查动词辨析。根据you’re already fat enough.可知这里意思是你不需要吃。A. walk步行；B. eat吃；C. talk说话；D. cry哭，故选B。
63．考查名词辨析。根据The next time anyone comments on your body in a ___17___ way可知作者的哥哥在对作者的外貌做评论。A. reports报告；B. suggestion建议；C. reflections反光；D. comments评论，故选D。
64．考查形容词辨析。根据and that became the last day that I ever willingly wore ___5___ until I was 30 years old. 可知这里意思是我的内心向他妥协了，他认为我的腿是不可接受的。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. unacceptable不能接受的；C. unique独特的；D. pants裤子，故选B。
65．考查名词辨析。根据I bought three pairs of shorts可知我直到三十岁都不愿意穿短裤。A. shorts短裤；B. T-shirts圆领汗衫；C. socks袜子；D. pants裤子，故选A。
66．考查动词辨析。夏天，穿着长裤，自然是感觉炙烤般的热。A. sleeping睡觉；B. roasting炙烤；C. driving驾驶；D. running跑，故选B。
67．考查动词辨析。根据下文内容，可知我遇到了Ragen Chastain ，她改变了一切。A. changed改变；B. solved解决；    C. believed相信；D. explained解释，故选A。
68．考查形容词辨析。根据I ___9___ as she shared her own journey to recovery and self-love.可知这里意思是我简直不敢相信，这个和我一样体重近300磅的女人竟然如此精力充沛，对自己的皮肤感到满意。A. sensitive敏感的；    B. generous慷慨的；C. tiresome无聊的；D. energetic精力充沛的，故选D。
69．考查动词辨析。下文说她分享了自己的康复和自爱之旅，所以我是在倾听她的讲述。A. laughed笑；B. expected盼望；C. waited等待；D. listened听，故选D。
70．考查名词辨析。根据simply because of the things they do every day—like breathing, ___11___ blood to every cell, blinking and walking.可知这里意思是她说我们的身体有多令人吃惊。
A. legs腿；B. weights体重；C. bodies身体；D. images影像，故选C。
71．考查动词辨析。根据下文blood to every cell 可知这里意思是泵血到每个细胞。A. pulling拉；B. putting放；C. preventing阻止；D. pumping泵，故选D。
72．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我突然意识到自己这么长时间以来是多么愚蠢。A. afraid of害怕；B. absorbed in全神贯注于……；C. aware of意识到；D. anxious about为……担心，故选C。
73．考查副词辨析。句意：有些人生来*没有腿，或者没有适当地工作的腿，或者失去了腿。A. properly适当地；B. regularly定期地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. possibly可能地，故选A。
74．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我一直羞愧地隐藏着自己强壮、健康、美丽的双腿，因为我允许别人说服我，它们不够好。A. in shame因为羞愧；B. in panic惊慌的；C. in pride骄傲；D. in delight兴高采烈地，故选A。
75．考查动词辨析。句意：我一直羞愧地隐藏着自己强壮、健康、美丽的双腿，因为我允许别人说服我，它们不够好。A. begged乞求；B. allowed允许；C. refused拒绝；D. invited邀请，故选B。
76．考查动词辨析。句意：第二天，我买了三条短裤和一件太阳裙，整个夏天都让我的腿看到阳光，感受微风。A. avoid避免；B. see看到；C. cover包括；    D. kick踢，故选B。
77．考查形容词辨析。句意：下次有人用负面的方式评论你的身体时，直视他们的眼睛，微笑着说:“如果你看到的东西让你如此烦恼，那*试试看别的地方的古老艺术吧。”A. normal    正常的；B. special特别的；C. different    不同的；D. negative负面的，故选D。
78．考查动词辨析。句意：下次有人用负面的方式评论你的身体时，直视他们的眼睛，微笑着说:“如果你看到的东西让你如此烦恼，那*试试看别的地方的古老艺术吧。”A. amuses使愉快；B. excites使…兴奋；C. bothers烦恼；D. hurts伤害，故选C。
79．考查副词辨析。句意：下次有人用负面的方式评论你的身体时，直视他们的眼睛，微笑着说:“如果你看到的东西让你如此烦恼，那*试试看别的地方这种古老艺术吧。”A. somewhere别的地方；B. anywhere任何地方；C. nowhere    无处；D. everywhere到处，故选A。
80．考查名词辨析。句意：那是Ragen自己创造的，但我不认为她会介意你用它。A. decision决定；B. question问题；C. creation创造；D. requirement要求，故选C。
【点睛】
完形填空是高考英语中*难的一个题，正确解答完形填空题是考试成功至关重要的**。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。完形填空的解题方法很多，而词汇复现法*是*常见的方法之一。词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。本题中的3小题中的comments；5小题中的shorts等都采用了同义词或原词复现的方法。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
 

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